Living wage by population category. Living wage per child

Living wage (LM) is the minimum amount of a person’s monthly income necessary to satisfy his physiological, social and cultural needs. This value is used for economic calculations and is also the basis for calculating social benefits.

Why is it needed?

Every year, the Government of the Russian Federation compares the real incomes of the population with the established subsistence level. Persons whose earnings are below the minimum wage level are below the poverty line and may qualify for government subsidies.

The subsistence minimum is also used in the following cases:

• assessment of the standard of living in the country;
• calculation of the minimum amount of benefits and wages;
• determination of the minimum tax-free income of citizens;
• formation of state and local budgets.

In accordance with the legislative framework of the Russian Federation, the monthly income of the adult population of the country cannot be lower than the established minimum. In this regard, the following payments are formed on the basis of PM:

• social supplements to pensions– regular government subsidies covering the difference between the real pension and the subsistence level;
• child benefits– monthly payments to minors in cases where their family income does not reach the minimum subsistence level;
• benefits for the poor– additional payments to the basic income up to the minimum wage level;
• subsidies for housing and communal services;
• childbirth allowance for young families;
• a one-time payment to reimburse adoption expenses;
• monthly subsidy for single mothers due to rising prices;
• compensation for persons who find themselves in difficult life situations.

PM also allows you to identify citizens entitled to the following types of assistance:

• increased scholarships for low-income students;
• queue for improvement of living conditions;
• free legal consultation.

When the PM value changes, subsidies are recalculated automatically. The recipient does not require any documents or confirmation of consent.

What does it depend on?

The cost of living is the cost of the consumer basket. In connection with this, the PM value is affected by:

• composition of the consumer basket;
• current prices for food, housing and communal services, public transport;
• indexation of price increases;
• statistical data on the amount of mandatory payments and fees.

In turn, the consumer basket consists of 3 sections:

• Food(bread products, sugar, meat, fish, milk, fats, fruits, vegetables, potatoes, spices and drinks);
• non-food products(essential items, medicines, clothing, office supplies);
• services (housing and communal services, transport, cultural).
• The last revision of the consumer basket was carried out in 2013, the next one is scheduled for the second half of 2018.

For which categories of citizens is it calculated?

For each of the categories listed below, the PM is calculated individually:

• minor children under 16 years of age;
• able-bodied citizens aged 16 to 54 years (women) or 59 years (men), as well as disabled people of groups I and II;
• pensioners.

The cost of living also depends on the region of residence.

The cost of living in Moscow in 2018

The PM value in Moscow in 2018 was approved by Government Decree No. 176 PP and is:

• per capita – 15,786 rubles;
• for people of working age – 17,990 rubles;
• for disabled people of groups I and II – 17,560 rubles;
• for pensioners – 11,570 rubles;
• for minors – 13,787 rubles.

For pensioners registered in the capital for more than 10 years, a special financing program is in effect. Their income level should not fall below 17,500 rubles.

Living wage for a family

The cost of living for a family is calculated based on the minimum wage of each of its members. The average income per person is called average per capita. When determining it, the following incomes are taken into account:

• wage;
• compensation payments;
• social benefits;
• severance pay;
• rent (for owners of movable and immovable property leased);
• alimony;
• fees;
• profit from business activities;
• income from bank deposits;
• inheritance and gifts.

When calculating total family income, the following are not taken into account:

• income of adult children living in a separate territory;
• earnings of parents deprived of parental rights;
• income of children receiving state support;
• earnings of a parent in military service/retraining/training;
• income of a parent in correctional institutions.

The average per capita income is calculated using the formula:

SD=D/KM/H, Where:

• SD– average per capita income;
• D– total family income;
• KM– 3 months of calculation;
• H– number of family members.

If during the calculations it is determined that the monthly income of family members is below the subsistence level, citizens have the right to receive subsidies.

What documents are needed to apply for grants?

Applications for government subsidies are accepted by social security authorities. The applicant must have a package of documents with him, which will include:

• certificate of marriage/divorce;
• application requesting recognition of a low-income family;
• original and copy of the child’s birth certificate (if available);
• the applicant's identity card;
• an extract from the house register about the composition of the family.

Social security officials may also require the following additional documents:

• copies of work books of working family members;
• ITU conclusion on assignment of disability;
• income certificate.
• The application is reviewed for up to 10 working days. After the specified period, the organization’s specialists assign the family low-income status and arrange all the necessary subsidies.

Minimum wage in Moscow

Minimum wage is a fixed minimum wage for a certain period of time. In accordance with the legislative framework of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, an employee’s monthly salary cannot be lower than the established minimum wage. For Moscow, its size in 2018 stopped at 18,742 rubles.

The main sources of financing the minimum wage are:

• own funds of the employer organization;
• local, regional or federal budget for state budgetary institutions.

The minimum wage includes the following deductions:

• basic salary for the position held;
• compensation payments;
• incentive bonuses;
• other subsidies from the employer.

When calculating the minimum wage, the following are not taken into account:

• overtime;
• part-time work on weekends;
• work on holidays.

In accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, the hours listed above are paid separately at one and a half rates - the first 2 hours from the start of work, at a double rate - from 3 hours from the start of work.

An employee’s income should not be less than the established minimum wage, subject to the following rules:

• full time work day;
• performance of official duties;

The cost of living in Moscow will rise to almost 12 thousand rubles from January 1, 2018 for pensioners. The corresponding resolution of the capital's government was adopted at a meeting of the Moscow City Duma in the fall of this year. It is expected that the pensioner’s monthly income in Moscow will be 11,816 rubles.

Living wage and benefits for pensioners in Moscow

In the second quarter of 2017, the cost of living in Moscow increased to 16,426 rubles. This was officially announced in September with reference to a government decree signed by Mayor Sergei Sobyanin. According to the document, compared to the first quarter of this year, the monthly average in the capital increased by 6.1%, or by 949 rubles in monetary equivalent.

Comparative table of the established living wage in Moscow:

According to government data, 42,370 people live in Moscow (data as of August 2017), who are entitled to a social supplement up to the subsistence level in the region. Along with the increase in the monthly salary, pensions will also be increased. It is expected that next year the average size will be 14,329 rubles, and by 2020 – 15.5 thousand rubles.

• medical devices and prescription drugs; specialized medicinal food products for disabled children;
• provision of vouchers to health and sanatorium-resort institutions for the prevention of major diseases;
• provision of free travel on suburban railway transport, compensation for travel to the place of treatment and back (on intercity transport).

These benefits are provided in the form of cash payments.

Increasing the minimum wage

A document was also prepared to increase the minimum wage. The author of the bill was the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation. The minimum wage is expected to be 9,489 rubles.

The adoption of the bill will partially reduce tensions with citizens working for low pay, experts say. At the same time, they express their concerns, including the transition to “gray” employment and a possible rise in prices in the country.

Important! According to the Russian Government, in 2016 there were about 12.1 million people in the country classified as “working poor.” As a percentage – 16.8% of the total working-age population.

The term “poor working Russians” was used by Deputy Prime Minister Olga Golodets, saying that such a phenomenon was observed in the country. The official noted that in order to solve the problem, the authorities, together with business representatives, need to pay attention to those enterprises where wages are below the established subsistence level. She is supported by Maxim Sokolov, who holds the position of associate professor at the Department of State and Municipal Administration of the Russian Economic University. G.V. Plekhanov: “ The increase in the minimum wage from January 1, 2018 to 85% of the subsistence level, and from January 1, 2019 to 100%, is a serious step towards solving this problem».

The subsistence level differs from the minimum wage in that the former is calculated for all categories of the population, while the minimum wage is calculated only for able-bodied citizens. This approach eliminates the situation in which a family of several people provides monthly maintenance expenses for a child and dependent non-working pensioners. Some experts express the opinion that this trend can be corrected by increasing wages in the public sector, specifically for that category of workers whose wages are below the subsistence level.

Russia has long passed a law on the payment of social pensions to disabled citizens. In 2019, the Legislature increased the payment amount by 4%.

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Dmitry Medvedev personally signed the law. Officials set the cost of living according to the amount of the social pension. This article will introduce the reader to how the consumer basket is calculated this year.

Important aspects

In Russia, the law “On the subsistence level in the Russian Federation” was enshrined on October 24, 1997. It operates at the federal level. Living wage is a term that refers to an estimate of the cost of the consumer basket. This also includes payment of taxes and other mandatory payments.

Basic Concepts

The purpose of the above term:

• assessing the standard of living of citizens in the country;
• fixing the minimum payment for work and educational activities, as well as benefits and benefits;
• allocation of the necessary budget for each region.

Basically, the cost of living indicates a future pension after a certain period of work.
The Government of the Russian Federation independently designates the subsistence minimum, hereinafter referred to as PM.

However, in our country, the effect of this indicator on each subject that is part of the state is determined individually.

Functional Features

PM shows the minimum pension and working salary. Many Russian citizens are concerned about this issue in 2019, because they want to know what they should prepare for in the future.

If the amount of the indicator changes, then the remaining amounts for payment are recalculated - utility bills, prices for products and services intended for different categories of the population.

Photo: share of the population with subsistence level incomes

Recently, there has been a crisis in Russia, so you should not count on timely guarantees for increases in benefits, privileges and pensions.

Without paying the listed benefits under government programs, it is impossible to provide citizens with the necessary products and prosperity in general.

What the law says

According to the economic plan, the cost of living is divided into 2 types:

The listed types describe the minimum to satisfy human needs in Russia. Along with the annual PM calculations, economists in Russia also analyze the following areas:

1. The level of satisfaction with the life processes of the average citizen of the Russian Federation, taking into account the location of the individual.
2. Setting priorities in the implementation of government programs that act to improve the well-being of the population in the right area.
3. The number of people in need of assistance in the form of material benefits provided by the government.

On these grounds, Russian economists are developing an algorithm for calculating the cost of living for each person living in Russia.

What is included in the cost of living

According to legislative data, PM has the following components:

The number of products is calculated for a citizen who has an easy job. By the standards of the consumer basket, it is also not enough for a person to wear the same things throughout his life.

Division by category

Today, in 2019, the issue of PM is particularly acute. Literally every second citizen makes sure that his well-being is not less than the subsistence level.

At the end of last year, the State Duma of the Russian Federation received a proposal to expand the categories described above. Deputies want to isolate people with unlimited features.

The issue will be resolved in 2019, so it is not yet known what amount of the living wage will be established for people with disabilities.

What amount of money

The cost of living changes every year due to increases or decreases in prices for goods, services, payments and insurance premiums. Therefore, the amount of money equivalent to the PM also changes.

Today the figure has been increased for some categories of Russian citizens. At the end of 2019, the monthly wage per person in Russia was almost 10,000 rubles. Therefore, according to the authorities, this amount is required for normal living for a month.

Photo: the ratio of the cost of living and the average income of the population

Many Russians are sure that the amount is small, given the price tags in stores and the money spent on renting housing or paying for utilities.

The Russian government allocated 2,000 rubles less to people of retirement age than to the average person.

All about the consumer basket

The authorities calculate the price of the consumer basket, which includes goods and services necessary for normal life.

Prices for products in stores and all kinds of services are analyzed. PM is calculated easily - the approximate volume of required goods and services is taken together and divided into 12 parts. The resulting number is then multiplied by the average cost of products and other services.

Photo: what is included in the consumer basket per person per year

Then the resulting numbers, indicating the monthly norm for human consumption, are added together, and the cost of the consumer basket is obtained. The number of products entitled to each individual per month according to the PM is described in the section below.

PM is calculated according to the values ​​of the following indicators:

• payment for living space;
• payment of meters for water, electricity, gas and heating in winter;
• using public transport - paying for tickets;
• events that satisfy the spiritual needs of a person - cinema, theater, museums;
• other types of services - hairdresser, dinner in a restaurant, etc.

What's included in the product list

For 2019, the main “food” from the consumer basket was:

• bread products: buns, loaves, bread and others;
• coffee;
• products with sugar or confectionery;
• spices and seasonings;
• fresh fruits and vegetables;
• milk products;
• sunflower and butter;
• eggs;
• meat;
• fish.

Products are distributed among the 3 categories of people described above according to the requirements of monthly consumption.

Thus, the average monthly consumption of bread and bread products for children is 76 kilograms 600 grams, for pensioners - 98 kilograms 200 grams, and for working adult Russians - 126 kilograms 500 grams.

Other questions

Often the Russian population has additional questions regarding the cost of living. The answers to the most common ones are described below.

What do pensioners expect?

Pensioners who did not continue working after retirement and whose social pension is less than the minimum wage level at their place of residence have the full right to a social supplement.

The authorities add the missing amount according to the cost of living according to the region of residence.

This benefit applies at the federal level. The additional amount of money is paid by the branch of the Russian Pension Fund located at the place of residence of the pensioner.

Payments for a child

The cost of living has a significant impact on the payment of social benefits for children.Based on the information on child benefits, we can conclude:

• when measuring the PM, the cost of such benefits as maternity capital, childcare benefits up to one and a half years old and others, for which the necessary documentation is collected in advance, is modified, which provides considerable assistance to a large family;
• however, the baby benefit, which is assigned to the mother monthly, is a small amount - 50 rubles every month if the mother is on leave to care for a newborn up to 3 years old.

Virtually every resident of the capital has heard of such a concept as “the cost of living.”

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Many even know that this indicator plays an important role in determining the possibility of receiving various social subsidies and benefits.

But not everyone is aware of what the living wage is currently in effect for Moscow residents, as well as on the basis of what data and how it is established.

Important information

The subsistence minimum is a conditional value. It serves to assess the standard of living of people, as well as to establish various social payments, including the minimum wage, scholarships and benefits. Calculated based on the cost of the consumer basket.

There are 2 main types of living wages:

It is also formed on the basis of the cost of the consumer basket, but the specifics of specific regions are taken into account.

The Moscow city level of living wage falls into the regional category.

On its basis, the size and possibility of assigning various social benefits and payments from the capital’s budget are determined.

Comment. In Moscow, the cost of living is traditionally one of the highest in the country.

It is higher only in regions with really difficult climatic conditions (Yakutia, Murmansk region, etc.).

Market basket size

The consumer basket is usually called the minimum set of food products, non-food products and services for a person’s life and preservation of his health.

This indicator plays one of the most important roles in determining the cost of living.

Consumer baskets are divided into 3 main categories:

Important! A separate consumer basket for calculating the subsistence level per capita is not determined.

Consists of 3 main groups of human costs:

Per child

Most parents know that a child usually spends more money than an adult to maintain a normal standard of living.

The cost of living for children from January 1, 2019 in Moscow is 13,787 rubles per month. It is determined in accordance with the consumer basket.

Let's consider in the following table what is included in the children's food basket in Moscow for the year:

For a working person

A working person is entitled to more food, because he also spends energy in production or another place of work.

However, for him, the legislation significantly increased only the amount of bread and various cereals to 130.86 kg per year.

The number of the rest increased quite a bit and at the same time the amount of milk was reduced to 290.8 liters per year.

Important! The cost of living in MSC for a working person is 17,990 rubles per month from January 1, 2019.

But more than half of it is spending on various services (housing and communal services, transport, etc.). Food is offered only for the remaining small part.

It is also quite difficult to call the food basket for the working population at least somehow balanced.

The authorities suggest that you eat bread and potatoes and only allow yourself a little meat (up to 160 g per day) and almost completely forget about fish.

For an adult working person, only 19 kg is provided for the entire year.

For a pensioner

The situation with the consumer basket for pensioners is not good at all. The cost of living for them is set at the lowest compared to other socio-demographic groups.

The policy of the city authorities in the capital somewhat smoothes out the situation with pensioners.

If a pensioner has lived in Moscow for more than 10 years, then from January 1, 2019, he will receive an additional payment to his pension up to a level of 17,500 rubles.

Per capita

A separate consumer basket for determining the subsistence level per capita is not established.

But this indicator itself exists and is actively used in determining whether a family or a specific person is entitled to this or that social benefit or benefit.

The cost of living per capita as of January 1, 2019 for Moscow is 15,786 rubles.

In fact, this indicator is the average value of how much money a person needs per month to maintain life and health, as well as to pay mandatory fees, duties and other payments.

How is it calculated

The cost of living for each social demographic group of the population is calculated individually.

First, the cost of the products included in the consumer basket is determined. Rosstat is engaged in monitoring prices and maintaining their statistics, and the regional characteristics of the capital must be taken into account. The price level in Moscow and the regions differs significantly.

At the second stage, the cost of non-food products is determined. It is established by Moscow City Law No. 39 of June 19, 2013.

The size of the basket of non-food products for children is 46% of the cost of food products calculated earlier, and for the working population and pensioners it is 45%.

The third stage in the calculation will be to determine the cost of services taken into account when calculating the cost of living.

Its value will be equal to 127% of the cost of the food basket for the working population and 75% for other categories of the population (children, pensioners).

At the last stage, all 3 indicators obtained during the calculation are summed up. This will be the living wage.

It is established within 3 months for the last quarter and it is on the basis of it that it is subsequently determined whether a particular person is entitled to certain benefits from the city budget or not.

Comment. There is no need to calculate the cost of living on your own. Moreover, this does not make any sense, since only the officially established PM value plays a role.

The current procedure for determining the size of the subsistence minimum raises a huge number of complaints, since it only takes into account fluctuations in food prices.

Moreover, the food basket developed by the authorities has very little in common with real life.

Rosstat’s methods of calculating prices are often criticized. Often it seems that the numbers are simply pulled out of thin air and no one conducts real monitoring.

But nevertheless, there is no other current procedure for determining the subsistence minimum not only in Moscow, but also in Russia.

In fact, regional laws make only minor adjustments to baskets of goods and services, taking into account local specifics.

2007

2007 I quarter

On Wednesday per capita - 5609 rub.
Working-age population 6360 rub.
Pensioners - 3830 rub.
Children - 4780 rub.

2007 II quarter

On average per capita - 5772 rubles
Working-age population - 6533 rubles
Pensioners - 3967 rub.
Children - 4936 rub.

2007 III quarter

On Wednesday per capita - 5795 rub.
Working-age population - 6563 rubles
Pensioners - 3983 rub.
Children - 4934 rub.

2007 IV quarter

On average per capita - 5855 rubles
Working-age population - 6624 rubles
Pensioners - 4038 rub.
Children - 4997 rub.

2008

2008 I quarter

On Wednesday per capita - 6441 rub.
Working-age population - 7288 rub.
Pensioners - 4408 rub.
Children - 5547 rub.

2008 II quarter

On Wednesday. per capita - 6659 rub.
Working-age population - 7518 rubles
Pensioners - 4586 rub.
Children - 5773 rub.

2008 III quarter

On Wednesday. per capita - 6597 rub.
Working-age population - 7456 rubles
Pensioners - 4533 rub.
Children - 5698 rub.

2008 IV quarter

On average per capita - 6648 rubles
Working-age population - 7510 rubles
Pensioners - 4578 rub.
Children - 5747 rub.

year 2009

year 2009. I quarter

On Wednesday per capita - 7386 rub.
Working population - RUB 8,377
Pensioners - 5030 rub.
Children - 6307 rub.

year 2009. II quarter

On Wednesday. per capita - 7506 rub.
Working population - 8500 rub.
Pensioners - 5136 rub.
Children - 6439 rub.

year 2009. III quarter

On Wednesday per capita - 7493 rub.
Working-age population - 8492 rubles
Pensioners - 5124 rub.
Children - 6391 rub.

year 2009. IV quarter

On Wednesday per capita - 7406 rub.
Working-age population - 8398 rub.
Pensioners - 5057 rub.
Children - 6306 rub.

2010

2010 I quarter

On Wednesday per capita - 8267 rub.
Working-age population - 9414 rubles
Pensioners - 5547 rub.
Children - 7006 rub.

2010 II quarter

On Wednesday. per capita - 8424 rub.
Working-age population - 9582 rubles
Pensioners - 5677 rub.
Children - 7162 rub.

2010 III quarter

On Wednesday per capita - 8448 rub.
Working-age population - 9608 rub.
Pensioners - 5693 rub.
Children - 7180 rub.

2010 IV quarter

On Wednesday per capita - 8656 rub.
Working population - 9825 rub.
Pensioners - 5860 rub.
Children -7411 rub.

2011

2011. I quarter

On Wednesday. per capita - 9449 rub.
Working-age population - 10,693 rubles
Pensioners - 6457 rub.
Children - 8145 rub.

2011. II quarter

On Wednesday. per capita - 9490 rub.
Working population - 10,737 rubles
Pensioners - 6491 rub.
Children - 8180 rub.

2011. III quarter

On average per capita - 9188 rubles
Working population - 10,417 rubles
Pensioners - 6254 rub.
Children -7866 RUR

2011. IV quarter

On average per capita - 9128 rubles
Working-age population - 10,346 rubles
Pensioners - 6213 rub.
Children - 7825 rub.

year 2012

year 2012. I quart al

On Wednesday per capita - 9265
Working population - 10490
Pensioners - 6326
Children - 7972

year 2012. II quarter

On Wednesday per capita - 9437 rub.
Working-age population - 10,677 rubles
Pensioners - 6466 rub.
Children - 8124 rub.

year 2012. III quarter

On average per capita - 9719
Working population - 10973
Pensioners - 6721
Children - 8382

year 2012. IV quarter

On Wednesday per capita - 9747
Working population - 10998
Pensioners - 6752
Children - 8424

year 2013

year 2013. I quarter

On Wednesday per capita - 9850
Working population - 11249
Pensioners - 6918
Children - 8559

year 2013. II quarter

On Wednesday per capita - 10874 rub.
Working population - 12,169 rubles
Pensioners - 8087 rub.
Children - 9828 rub.

year 2013. III quarter

On Wednesday per capita - 10632 rubles
Working-age population - 11,913 rubles
Pensioners - 7937 rub.
Children - 9477 rub.

year 2013. IV quarter

On Wednesday per capita - 10965 rub.
Working population - 12,452 rubles
Pensioners - 7908 rub.
Children - 9498 rub.

year 2014

year 2014. I quarter

On Wednesday per capita - 11861
Working population - 13540
Pensioners - 8374
Children - 10265

year 2014. II quarter

On Wednesday. per capita - 12145
Working population - 13896
Pensioners - 8528
Children - 10443

year 2014. III quarter

On Wednesday per capita - 12171 rub.
Working population - 13919 rubles
Pensioners - 8646 rub.
Children - 10316 rub.

year 2014. IV quarter

On Wednesday. per capita - 12542 rubles
Working population - 14,330 rubles
Pensioners - 8915 rub.
Children - 10683 rub.

2015

2015 I quarter

On Wednesday. per capita - 14300
Working population - 16296
Pensioners - 10075
Children - 12561

2015 II quarter

Pensioners - 10670 rub.
Children - 13080 rub.

2015 III quarter

On Wednesday per capita - 15141 rub.
Working-age population - 17,296 rubles
Pensioners - 10670 rub.
Children -13080 rub.

2015 IV quarter

On Wednesday. per capita - 14413 rubles
Working-age population - 16,438 rubles
Pensioners - 10227 rub.
Children - 12437 rub.

2016

2016 I quarter

On Wednesday per capita - 15041 rub.
Working-age population - 17,130 rubles
Pensioners - 10623 rub.
Children - 13198 rub.

2016 II quarter

On Wednesday per capita - 15382 rubles
Working-age population - 17,561 rubles
Pensioners - 10883 rub.
Children - 13259 rub.