What is formed on the 08th account. What subaccounts are used?

Some of the most significant assets of an organization are non-current ones, which often occupy a significant place in the balance sheet structure. The acquisition of property is carried out using accounting account 08 - “investments in non-current assets”. In the article we will consider the composition of non-current assets, accounting accounts for their replenishment, accounting account 08 and its accounting.

Composition of non-current assets

Section 1 of the balance sheet reflects information about the organization's possible assets available.

Reflection of non-current assets in reporting

The presented detailed list of non-current assets is used by organizations that prepare financial statements on a general basis. In a simplified reporting form, non-current assets are considered only according to two criteria: tangible and intangible. Their estimated value is reflected in the balance sheet at the end of the reporting period.

Replenishment of non-current assets (Account 08 and its subaccounts)

Account 08 accumulates all costs taken into account for the creation of fixed assets. The purchase of expensive property, components for it, and other fixed assets is recorded on account 08. The subaccounts used depend on the characteristics of the property:

• Account 08-1 - acquisition of land plots.
• Account 08-2 - purchase of other environmental management facilities.
• Account 08-3 - construction of OS. This includes the construction of buildings, the procedure for installing and assembling equipment, and other costs for capital construction provided for in the estimate documents.
• Account 08-4 - purchase of fixed assets (expensive property). Purchase of machines, equipment, tools that do not require subsequent installation.
• Account 08-5 - purchase of intangible assets (intangible assets).
• Account 08-6 - accounting of young cattle and other animals as the main herd. This includes expenses necessary to care for young animals for the purpose of raising them.
• Account 08-7 - acquisition of livestock, adults. Delivery and transportation costs are also taken into account here.
• Account 08-8 - implementation of design and research activities, which are subsequently used in the production of products or in the management sphere of the organization.

Acquired property and other expenses reflected on account 08 may bear the characteristics of fixed assets, that is, participate in activities for more than 1 reporting period. The total cost of the subject must be at least 100,000 rubles (from January 1, 2016).

Account 08: acceptance for accounting from the account

The receipt of goods or intangible assets on the balance sheet of the organization is carried out taking into account all the costs of their acquisition. This may include installation, delivery and other related costs.

The total resulting value of non-current assets is not subject to change, with the exception of possible cases of revaluation, completion, reconstruction and others.

Acceptance of fixed assets or intangible assets for accounting is accompanied by the determination of their useful life. Depending on the decision made, depreciation is calculated monthly, which reduces the initial cost of the object.

When registering intangible assets, there are options for determining and not determining the useful life. The useful life must be determined annually. The same applies to depreciation charges for intangible assets.

If fixed assets are considered in the future as an additional source of income reflected in account 03, then depreciation on them is accounted for separately in the general account for fixed assets - 02.

Tangible and intangible exploration costs involved in the development of deposits of natural minerals and other activities related to the development of natural resources are assessed based on the amount of actual costs incurred, which include:

• amounts paid to suppliers and intermediaries under the terms of contracts;
• consulting fees;
• customs payments;
• non-refundable taxes;
• remuneration of employees involved in development;
• depreciation of operating systems used to create search assets;
• other costs associated with activities of this kind.

The listed types of expenses do not include amounts of refundable taxes, as well as general business expenses, with the exception of situations where they are directly involved in the development of deposits and for performing other operations with minerals.

If the feasibility of development is subsequently confirmed, non-current exploration assets are transferred to the category of fixed assets or intangible assets on a general basis. Otherwise, further costs are stopped and the resulting assets are written off or disposed of.

Video lesson. “Account 08 – investment in non-current assets”, 7 examples, typical transactions

In this video lesson, Natalya Vasilievna Gandeva, an expert on the “Accounting for Dummies” site, explains accounting for account 08 “Investment in non-current assets”, standard postings and 7 accounting examples are discussed. To watch, click on the video below.

Accounting entries for investments in non-current assets (Account 08)

The acquisition of non-current assets for an organization can be carried out in several ways: acquisition for a fee, gratuitous receipt. The accounting entries look like this:

Dt 08 - Kt 60, - the organization acquired fixed assets (intangible assets, other non-current assets)

Dt 19 - Kt 68 - allocated VAT on the purchase of property.

Dt 01 (03, 04) - Kt 08 - the object was accepted for registration (put into operation).

Example. The company purchased equipment for production needs for a total cost of 637,200 rubles, including 18% VAT. The equipment has been registered. What will the wiring look like?

Dt 08 - (RUB 540,000) purchase of fixed assets.

― Kt 60 (RUB 97,200) reflects VAT upon purchase.

― Kt 08 (RUB 540,000) equipment put into operation.

― Dt 19 (RUB 97,200) accrued VAT payable.

Account 08 in accounting, the characteristics of which will be given below, reflects investments in non-current assets. The costs that are recorded on it are subsequently accepted by the enterprise in the form of different objects. Let's take a closer look at the 08 accounting account: what it is, what costs are included in it.

General information

08 accounting account is an article summarizing information about the enterprise’s expenses on objects that will be accepted as:

• Fixed assets.
• Intangible assets.
• Land plots and environmental management facilities.

The company's expenses for creating the main herd of working and productive livestock are transferred to account 08 in the balance sheet. The exceptions are costs for:

• Bird.
• Rabbits.
• Bee families.
• Fur animals.
• Experimental animals.
• Service dogs.

These expenses are included in working capital items.

08 accounting account: subaccounts

The article on investments in non-current assets can open:

According to subaccount. 08.3 includes the enterprise’s costs for the construction of structures/buildings, installation of equipment, the cost of structures transferred for installation and other expenses that are provided for in estimates and financial calculations for capital construction. In this case, it does not matter how exactly the work is carried out - economically or contractually. According to subaccount. 08.4 includes costs for the purchase of machinery, equipment, inventory, tools and other objects that do not require installation.

Posts

Which accounting account 08 will be - active or passive - depends on the nature of the transaction being performed. The debit reflects the actual expenses of the developer, which are included in the initial price of fixed assets, intangible assets and other relevant funds. After they are accepted into operation and registered in the prescribed manner, they are written off to the debit of the account. 01, 03, 04, etc.

Young animals

Its assessment is carried out at actual cost. Young animals of any type of working and productive livestock that are transferred to the main herd are written off throughout the year from the account. 11 in db sch. 08. In this case, the cost is indicated, which is listed at the beginning of the period, including the planned cost of growth or weight gain from the beginning of the year until the day of transfer. The following is recorded in the records:

Db 01 Kd 08.

At the end of the year, after the reporting calculation is generated, the amount of the difference between the present value of the transferred young stock during the period and the actual cost is additionally written off or reversed from the account. 11 to 08 accounting account. In this case, postings are made with simultaneous clarification of the livestock valuation according to the account. 01.

Obtaining adult animals

On subaccount 08.7 reflects the cost of working and adult livestock that was purchased for the main herd or received free of charge, including delivery costs. Capitalization is carried out according to DB account. 08 at actual cost. Adult animals received free of charge are accepted at the market price. To this are added the costs of transporting them to the enterprise. The costs of creating the main herd are written off in Db account. 01.

Analytics

It is maintained based on the costs associated with the acquisition of fixed assets or their construction for each facility. The formation of analytical accounting should provide the opportunity to obtain information on expenses for:

• Reconstruction and construction.
• Drilling work.
• Installation of equipment.
• Inventory and tools included in capital construction estimates.
• Equipment that requires and does not require installation.
• Design and survey work.
• Other capital expenditures.

Analytical accounting is also carried out for each intangible asset object, by animal species (cattle, horses, pigs, sheep, etc.) when forming the main herd.

Specifics of the article

Considering the 08 accounting account from the methodological side, it can be noted that it is a calculation item. This is due to the fact that it shows the costs incurred during the reporting year. On the other hand, accounting account 08 is presented as an inventory item. Its balance shows the amount of unfinished investment.

Features of record generation

When purchasing an OS, logically, the following wiring is assumed:

Db 01 (03, 04) Kd 60 (76, etc.)

However, the funds spent on the purchase must be transferred in transit through the 08 accounting account. In this case, it will have no balance, and it will become a screen article. The specificity of the account is also due to the fact that capital investments extend over time. In particular, this occurs during the construction process. In this case, accounting account 08 becomes material. In this case, unfinished construction can either be sold or given away free of charge. The new Plan has significantly expanded the functions of this article. Currently, it is used not only to summarize information about the company's actual investments, but also to reflect the amount of property received as an investment in capital and free of charge.

Additionally

Sub-accounts are opened to reveal the structure of capital investments. However, if a specialist does not face such a task, then he may not form them. A certain exception may be a subaccount. 08.6 on the costs of transferring young animals to the main stock. This subaccount can be a key one in livestock farms.

Land plots and environmental management facilities

In account 08, subaccounts are distinguished. 08.1 and 08.2, despite the fact that accounting for these values ​​should be provided for in the subaccount. 08.4. This is due to the fact that environmental management facilities and land plots are classified as fixed assets. In the Russian Federation, registration of private ownership of land by organizations is allowed. The corresponding right applies to the soil (surface) layer, closed reservoirs, plants and forest located within the site. Other environmental management objects include subsoil, forest, water, wildlife, vegetation, and other resources. The law allows ownership of:

1. Water body of a separate type.
2. Tree and shrub plantings.
3. Animals removed from their habitat in accordance with established rules.

This list is considered closed. An enterprise can make capital investments in radical improvement of land plots. These include irrigation, drainage, and land reclamation measures.

NMA

The developers of the Plan propose to maintain analytical accounting of the costs of intangible assets also for individual objects. Investments that go through subaccounts. 08.5, are recorded until the enterprise receives the exclusive right to intangible assets. It coincides with the date of state registration of the license agreement or right arising from the certificate or patent. Accounting account 08 records the actual expenses for the purchase of intangible assets and bringing them to a condition suitable for use. The cost is reflected in accordance with the invoices of suppliers accepted for payment after capitalization. In the case of the formation of certain types of intangible assets, the costs that the enterprise actually incurred are reflected.

Construction works

Costs for them are assessed depending on the method of their production - economic or contract. In the latter case, the measures completed and formalized in accordance with the established procedure are reflected by the developer at the contractual cost in accordance with the invoices paid or accepted for payment. If an overstatement in the price of installation and construction work is detected, the customer reduces the costs accepted from the contractors by the amount of the overstatement with reimbursement from the payments received by them, the sources of financing used, or by reducing the debt for the work performed according to the settlement document presented for payment. With the economic method on a subaccount. 08.3 shows the actual costs incurred by the developer.

Other capital expenditures

They are reflected in accounting either in the amount of expenses incurred actually or at a contract price in accordance with accepted for payment or settled invoices of third-party enterprises. Other capital costs for their intended purpose are included in the inventory price of objects. If they are subject to distribution, since they relate to different objects, then it is carried out in proportion to the contractual value of the values ​​​​put into operation. In case of partial commissioning, other capital investments are included in the inventory cost according to the standards. In this case, they proceed from the ratio of allocations for individual parts in the estimate for the construction of the entire facility and the total contract price of the structures under construction. The inventory cost of units (equipment) that require installation is formed from actual acquisition costs, construction and installation costs, and other capital investments attributable to the price of assets put into operation for their intended purpose.

Account 08 “Investments in non-current assets” is used to summarize information about fixed assets, intangible assets, financial investments transferred to the main herd of grown animals and other property, the price of which has not been fully formed or all conditions for commissioning have not been met.

Account 08 “Investments in non-current assets” is used to collect information on the costs of assets, which in the future, after the price has been fully formed, will be taken into account as:

• fixed assets (fixed assets) - account. 01;
• intellectual property - intangible assets (intangible assets) that do not have a tangible form, used in economic activities to make a profit, with a service life of more than a year (patents, know-how, software products, etc.) - count. 04;
• productive herd of animals - count. 01;
• profitable investments - account. 03.

Account 08 is active, that is, the debit reflects the growth of investments, the credit - the decrease (acceptance for accounting as fixed assets or intangible assets, transfer of animals to an adult herd, disposal).

The cost of the purchased property and the costs of its installation and installation are recorded in Dt. 08 without VAT: the amount indicated in the invoice is divided into the actual price of the object (recorded in Dt 08) and the amount of VAT (in Dt 19).

Attention! The account records only property that is not ready for use in business activities. As soon as the object is ready for use, and the value of the property has been formed, it is necessary to write it off to the appropriate accounts (01, 03, 04). If this is not done on time, the tax service may have questions for the organization, since this entails incorrect calculation (underpayment) of property tax amounts.

Subaccounts used

Depending on the type of activity of the enterprise to the account. 08 open sub-accounts:

08/1 - to collect information about investing in land;

08/2 - for environmental management facilities;

08/3 - for newly created operating systems - all expenses associated with bringing the property to working condition are collected: installation, delivery, building materials and components, services of construction companies, commission to intermediaries, that is, what is written off from account 07 “Equipment for installation” ", as well as the construction of facilities on our own;

08/4 - for purchased operating systems - purchase of assets that do not require installation (cars, agricultural machinery, computer equipment, inventory and household supplies);

08/5 - for acquired intangible assets;

08/6 - for livestock objects (young animals) transferred to the main herd;

08/7 - for livestock objects (adult animals) accepted for registration in the main herd;

08/8 - for scientific work.

Normative base

The use of the account is regulated by the Chart of Accounts established by the Instruction of the Ministry of Finance dated October 31, 2000 No. 94, PBU 6/01 “Accounting for fixed assets” and other documents.

Basic Operations

1 Purchasing an OS

The purchase of non-current fixed assets is reflected by the following entries:

Dt 08 Kt 60 - the purchased OS is taken into account (negotiable price excluding VAT), as well as the costs of transportation, setup, storage under contracts with third parties - a separate entry is made for each operation;

Dt 19 Kt 60 - VAT allocated;

Dt 68 Kt 19 - VAT refunded.

2 Creation of an asset using your own resources (in whole or in part)

Dt 08 Kt 23 - expenses of auxiliary shops are accepted as non-current assets;

Dt 08 Kt 10 (70, 69) - expenses for materials and salaries of employees involved in creating property are accepted as non-current fixed assets.

3 Free admission

There are 2 options possible:

Dt 08 Kt 76 - donation of property:

Dt 08 Kt 98/2 - acceptance of an asset for accounting as a result of the inventory.

Attention! Property received free of charge is taken into account at the price at which it is usually sold in a competitive market (market value).

4 Contribution by the founder as a contribution to the management company

Dt 08 Kt 75 - assets were accepted as the founder’s contribution to the management company.

5 Receipt of equipment requiring installation

Dt 08 Kt 07 - equipment ready for installation is accepted as an investment in non-current assets.

6 Transfer of animals to an adult herd

Dt 08/6 Kt 11 - the cost of grown animals has been taken into account;

Dt 07 Kt 08/6 - the cost of the main herd has been increased.

7 Putting the property into operation

Dt 01 (03, 04) Kt 08 - acceptance of the asset for accounting as fixed assets (income investment, intangible assets).

Attention! As a rule, property purchased from suppliers is completely ready for use and is written off from the account. 08 on account 01 (03, 04) immediately after the transaction is completed. If the construction (creation) is carried out by the organization independently, the cost of the object can accumulate on Dt 08 for a long time. As a rule, the account balance at the end of the period represents the balances of incompletely formed assets created on its own.

"Investing in" is possible until the organization has finally formed its initial value.

An organization has the right to claim VAT for deduction in the period in which all the conditions for its application, provided for in Art. 171 and art. 172 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. Otherwise, the organization may have disputes with the tax authorities.

Rationale for the conclusion:

The accounting procedure for organizations of fixed assets is regulated by PBU 6/01 “Accounting for fixed assets” (hereinafter referred to as PBU 6/01) and the Guidelines for the accounting of fixed assets, approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated October 13, 2003 N 91n (hereinafter referred to as the Guidelines) . In accordance with clause 4 of PBU 6/01 “Accounting for fixed assets,” an asset is accepted for accounting as fixed assets if the following conditions are simultaneously met:

The object is intended for use in the production of products, when performing work or providing services, for the management needs of the organization, or to be provided by the organization for a fee for temporary possession and use or for temporary use;

The object is intended to be used for a long time, i.e. a period exceeding 12 months or the normal operating cycle if it exceeds 12 months;

The organization does not intend the subsequent resale of this object;

The object is capable of bringing economic benefits (income) to the organization in the future.

If the property meets all the requirements provided for in paragraph 4 of PBU 6/01, then this circumstance is the basis for the organization to become obligated to pay property tax.

According to the Russian Ministry of Finance, expressed in letter No. 03-05-06-01/33 dated April 18, 2007, an object is accepted for accounting as a fixed asset and, accordingly, is included in the tax base for corporate property tax when this object is listed into a state suitable for use, that is, regardless of its commissioning.

Let us note that the commissioning of a fixed asset object assumes that the object does not require additional capital investments to bring it to a state suitable for operation and is completely ready for use for management needs or for the production of goods (works, services). The procedure for commissioning fixed assets is regulated by law only in relation to construction projects for which it is mandatory to obtain permission to commission the facility (Clause 1, Article 55 of the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation). In other cases, the organization independently makes a decision on the suitability of the facility for use and the timing of its commissioning.

Paragraphs 7 and 8 of PBU 6/01 determine that they are accepted for accounting at historical cost. It has been established that the actual costs of the organization for the acquisition of fixed assets for a fee are, in particular, the amounts paid for bringing the object into a condition suitable for use.

In accordance with the Chart of Accounts and the Instructions for its application, approved by order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated October 31, 2000 N 94n (hereinafter referred to as the Chart of Accounts), the initial cost of property, which will subsequently be accepted for accounting as fixed assets, is formed on account 08 “Investments” into non-current assets." Transfer of costs to account 01 “Fixed Assets” can be carried out only after the initial cost of the specified fixed asset item has been finalized.

Accounting for an object that is suitable for use or in relation to which the organization does not take any action in order to bring it into a state suitable for use may be perceived by the tax authorities as an evasion of corporate property tax.

VAT deduction on purchased fixed assets

In accordance with paragraph 1 of Art. 171 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, the taxpayer has the right to reduce the total amount of tax by established tax deductions. The procedure for applying tax deductions is established in Art. 172 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.

Tax amounts are subject to deductions if three conditions are met:

Goods (work, services) must be accepted for accounting (clause 1 of Article 172 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation), which must be confirmed by relevant documents;

Goods (work, services) must be used in activities subject to VAT or intended for resale (clause 2 of Article 171 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation);

The taxpayer must receive an invoice from the supplier (clause 2 of article 169, clause 1 of article 172 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

Thus, the organization has the right to claim VAT for deduction in the period in which all the conditions provided for in Art. 171, art. 172 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation (letter of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated April 30, 2009 N 03-07-08/105). Applying the right to deduct in the next tax period (at the request of the taxpayer) will be problematic, since the question of claiming a VAT deduction in later tax periods does not find a clear answer in arbitration practice.

For example, in the decisions of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Ural District dated October 24, 2006 N F09-9487/06-С2, and the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the North Caucasus District dated September 11, 2008 N F08-5476/2008, the judges decided that the taxpayer does not have the right to transfer the deduction to the next period. Reflecting in a tax return for a certain amount of tax deductions relating to other tax periods is illegal. And, if the right in question was not used by the organization due to the lack of implementation in the specified tax period, it can subsequently be applied only by submitting an updated tax return to the tax authority. This opinion is consistent with the conclusions made in the Resolution of the Presidium of the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation dated October 18, 2005 N 4047/05.

At the same time, in the resolutions of the Presidium of the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation dated January 31, 2006 N 10807/05, FAS Moscow District dated February 13, 2008 N KA-A41/260-08, dated June 10, 2008 N KA-A40/4902-08, dated January 17. 2008 N KA-A40/14126-07 the judges came to the conclusion that the provision of paragraph three of paragraph 1 of Art. 172 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation indicates only the right of the taxpayer to present for deduction in full amounts of value added tax after the taxpayer has accepted acquired values ​​for accounting and does not contain a prohibition on presenting for deduction of such amounts of VAT outside the tax period in which these values ​​were registered . In accordance with paragraph. 3 p. 1 art. 172 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation deductions of tax amounts presented by sellers to the taxpayer upon acquisition or paid upon import into the customs territory of the Russian Federation of fixed assets and (or) intangible assets specified in paragraph 2 and paragraph 4 of Art. 171 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, are carried out in full after registration of these fixed assets and (or) intangible assets.

At the same time, the Tax Code of the Russian Federation does not indicate in which account the fixed asset item should be accounted for.

However, according to the opinion of the Ministry of Finance of Russia, expressed in letters dated 09/21/2007 N 03-07-10/20 and dated 05/16/2006 N 03-02-07/1-122, the taxpayer has the right to submit VAT for deduction from the budget on fixed assets only after putting it into operation and accounting for it specifically as a fixed asset in account 01 “Fixed Assets” due to the fact that the specified account, in accordance with the Chart of Accounts, is used to summarize information on the availability and movement of the organization’s fixed assets in operation , in stock, on conservation, in lease, trust management. Moreover, according to clause 6 of PBU 6/01, the accounting unit of fixed assets is an inventory item. The courts take a different position on this issue, justifying it by the fact that since the law does not establish the procedure for reimbursement of the specified amounts of tax depending on the terms and definitions used in accounting, as well as depending on the reflection of the cost of acquired fixed assets in any specific accounts accounting, then the posting of fixed assets to the account “Investment in non-current assets” is acceptable for the purposes of attributing VAT to settlements with the budget (resolution of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the West Siberian District dated 01.03.2007 N F04-981/2007(31939-A67-31), Ural District dated November 27, 2006 N F09-10513/06-C2). In connection with the above, we believe that if an organization decides to deduct VAT on a fixed asset at the time it is recorded in the account, the tax authorities, adhering to the position of the Russian Ministry of Finance, may deny the organization this deduction.

In addition, an attempt by an organization to present the amount of VAT on a fixed asset for deduction in a period other than the one in which it had all the grounds for its application may also lead to disputes with the tax authorities.

Prepared answer:
Expert of the Legal Consulting Service GARANT
Member of the Chamber of Tax Advisors Titova Elena

Checked the answer:
Reviewer of the Legal Consulting Service GARANT
Pimenov Vladimir

The material was prepared on the basis of individual written consultation provided as part of the Legal Consulting service. For detailed information about the service, contact your service manager.

Non-current assets are the main property of the enterprise, which will subsequently be distributed to other accounts. Here all data is collected not only on the cost of fixed assets and intangible assets, but also the costs of their acquisition. Account 08 08 is intended just for such purposes. Let us consider in detail its characteristics and significance in the accounting system

Composition of non-current assets

The property rights of this group also include intangible assets that are planned to be used by the enterprise for more than a year. It consists of:

• OS owned by the enterprise and involved in the production process. At the same time, over a long period of time, the property does not lose its natural and material form.
• Investments of a long-term nature and in the form of capital.
• Any forms of intangible assets.
• Other noncurrent assets.

The property of an enterprise belonging to this category of funds occupies a leading place in the activities of the enterprise, especially in production cycles. During the period of its use, the cost is gradually transferred to the finished product in the form of depreciation charges.

There are active and passive parts of non-current assets. The first category includes the most mobile and dynamic means. For example, industrial equipment, company vehicles. The second group includes real estate objects: structures and buildings that create the initial conditions for the work of enterprise employees.

Account 08 08 and its purpose

We have sorted out the concept of non-current assets, but it remains unclear: why do we need a separate account for them if 01 and 04 have already been created? To understand the essence of the issue, let us recall the rules for accepting fixed assets and intangible assets for accounting.

According to the requirements of PBU, the accountant must reflect fixed assets and intangible assets on the account at their original cost, which includes all the actual costs of their acquisition. It often happens that information about all amounts is not received immediately. This is where the need arises to open accounting account 08, which will collect data on items of expenses for the acquisition of property. As soon as the accounting department has taken into account all the amounts and the property is ready for commissioning, the information can be written off to the main account 01 or 04.

Account structure

08 accounting account is active, because information about the company’s funds is collected on it. All related costs for the acquisition of property are reflected in a debit. When written off, the amounts are shown in the account credit. At the end of the reporting month, a debit balance may appear. As a rule, these are the amounts of expenses for facilities and fixed assets that were not put into operation. If there is no balance, the account is closed.

The debit balance, if any, should be reflected in the financial statements. Account 08 in the balance sheet is included in line 1190, which characterizes the amount of other non-current assets.

Analytical accounting

To combine expenses of a similar nature into groups and systematize accounting, first-level subaccounts are additionally opened, which reflect information about the costs of:

• 08.1 - acquisition of land plots;
• 08.2 - purchase of environmental management facilities;
• 08.3 - construction of OS facilities;
• 08.4 - purchase of individual OS by category;
• 08.5 - acquisition of intangible assets;
• 08.6 - transfer of livestock from one herd to another;
• 08.7 - purchase of adult livestock;
• 08.8 - carrying out scientific research, conducting experiments, the results of which will be used in the future at the enterprise.

If necessary, other analytical accounts of a similar nature may be opened.

Receipt of non-current assets

Most often, a company acquires property through a purchase and sale agreement. In this case, the algorithm for registering it is clear: you need to collect all expenses on account 08, and then write them off during commissioning to the main accounts. But there are other ways in which assets are transferred to the ownership of a business. This is mainly the result of barter or a contribution to the initial capital; gratuitous receipts are not uncommon.

For each method of obtaining property, a method for registering 08 accounts and a method for calculating the initial cost are determined. When making an act of donation, a corresponding agreement is drawn up, which indicates the market value of the transferred objects. This will be the amount that should be reflected by posting Dt 08 Kt 98 “Gratuitous receipts”.

Contribution to capital and transfer of goods for the needs of the enterprise

If one of the founders of an enterprise makes a contribution in the form of fixed assets or intangible assets, they should be registered based on the following rules:

1. The assessment of incoming assets should be carried out in agreement with the participants of the PA or JSC. In this case, the value of the property should not exceed the market value.
2. After determining the amount of the initial cost, carry out account assignment Dt 08 Kt 75.

Thus, fixed assets from the founders were accepted for accounting in account 08. The information will be kept in debit until the property is put into operation.

Goods or finished products transferred within the enterprise to fulfill its needs are accounted for at their actual cost, the amount of which can be found in accounts 41 or 43. The posting looks like this: Dt 08 Kt 43 (41).

Barter agreement

The registration of property received after barter differs depending on the conditions of its implementation. Thus, if both parties recognize the objects of exchange as equivalent, then they do not undertake any additional obligations. No additional payment is required, but what amount should be entered into the account on 08/08 when the asset is received? In this case, the initial price is the market value of the property being disposed of for exchange. If it is impossible to determine it, use the indicator of the possible purchase price of the incoming property.

After agreeing on the terms of a barter transaction between enterprises, the acquired assets cannot yet be considered their property. The right to ownership passes after the fulfillment of obligations by each of the counterparties. Until this moment, the amounts are registered in off-balance sheet account 002. After all points of the agreement are fulfilled and property rights are received, the accountant writes off the amounts in Kt 002.

Further registration of the receipt is carried out according to the usual procedure for receiving fixed assets or intangible assets:

1. Dt 08 Kt 60 - the amount of incoming fixed assets is taken into account (amount excluding VAT).
2. Dt 19 Kt 60 - VAT on acquired property is reflected.
3. Dt 01 Kt 08 - the object was put into operation and accepted for accounting.

Account 08 08: typical transactions

Having studied the features of determining the initial value of assets and registering them, we will consider the main account assignments:

08 accounting account for the loan reflects the amount of write-off of property when:

• putting it into operation;
• losses as a result of an emergency;
• shortages identified after inventory;
• sale or partial liquidation.

Indicators of non-current assets mainly characterize the activities of the enterprise. The further organization of accounting for fixed assets and intangible assets depends on the accuracy of the calculation of the initial cost of property. Account 08 was created to collect the necessary information about incoming assets in order to reflect as fully as possible all types of expenses for their acquisition.