Loan for the purchase of housing through the construction savings system. What is the housing construction savings system and how soon will it start working? Housing Construction Savings in Bashkortostan

By using construction savings it will be possible to solve housing problem and in Belarus. It is this option, practiced in many countries, to build an apartment or house that is today considered by the government as the most optimal. On how to apply this method In our republic, in order to benefit both citizens and the state, they have been working in the Ministry of Architecture and Construction for many years.

What is the housing construction savings system and how soon will it start working?

The system in theory...

In essence, the system of housing construction savings is the accumulation of citizens’ own savings (a certain agreed amount) plus a loan for housing construction for the remaining amount of favorable conditions. At the same time, you need to save not at home, but in the bank. It turns out to be a kind of “housing piggy bank”, where system participants put money and from where only they can then take the necessary amounts.

This option is actively used to finance housing construction in many places in the world. Everything is quite transparent and understandable.

...and in practice

It must be said that a similar mechanism is already working in the country: since July 1, 2006, branches of OJSC " ASB Belarusbank» throughout the republic we have started accepting funds for deposits within the framework of the Construction Savings System. However, as practice has shown, the proposed option has many shortcomings, and therefore is not popular among the population. Few agreements have been signed so far.

That is why today the updated draft decree developed by the Ministry of Architecture and Construction is of interest. The document proposes slightly different approaches from the original ones to the implementation of the entire process during the construction of housing using the savings system. One of the main points is increasing the responsibility of citizens, who are encouraged to participate in the financing of housing construction. Yes, there is no direct government support here, but quite acceptable conditions and the possibility of improvement are offered living conditions- including citizens who are not registered as needy.

The draft Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus “On the state system of housing construction savings” is already under discussion in the government. According to the latest information, the document has been fully agreed upon by all interested parties, with the exception of the Ministry of Finance.

Accumulation rules

So, the proposed housing savings system provides for a certain period during which citizens who want to improve their living conditions must save at least 30% of the cost of future housing. You will need to save for an apartment from 3 to 7 years (it is envisaged that families with more than high income will be able to accumulate funds to improve their living conditions in a shorter period).

The remaining 70% of the amount required for housing construction will be financed. Moreover, the loan is offered on fairly favorable terms: for 15–20 years with a rate 1-2 percentage points below the market one. Today, the most attractive real estate loans (on a general basis) have a rate of 13.5%.

In addition to a loan at a rate below the market rate, the housing construction savings system has other advantages: for example, in the option with a deposit, you will have to save for housing much longer. Well, and also a bonus in the form of a bonus from the state.

Vladimir Doropievich, deputy head of department housing policy Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus: “For participation in the system, all citizens, regardless of whether they are registered as needy or not, are paid a state premium.

At the same time, the state premium in the system of housing and construction savings, income in the form of interest received individuals on bank deposits in the state housing insurance system are exempt from income tax from individuals.

The decision on the economic feasibility of providing a state bonus to all participants in the construction savings system was made at a meeting in the government. But the question of its size still remains open. Previously, the Ministry of Finance proposed, all interested parties and the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus agreed to establish a state premium in the HSS system in the amount of 20% of the refinancing rate National Bank.

Discussions are currently underway on the size of the state bonus. It is proposed that the annual amount should be determined by the Council of Ministers and this amount cannot exceed 10% of the National Bank refinancing rate established in reporting period, for which a state premium is awarded. In this case, the state premium must be accrued monthly from the amount of funds actually contributed to the HSS system by the system participant during the accumulation period, but not more than 5 years.

I would like to mention a few more important points system of housing construction savings laid down in the draft decree.

Firstly, we are talking about a closed type HSS system: only participants invest money and only participants can use it. The funds cannot be used for any other needs. The bank will not look for money outside the system, which will allow, constantly accumulating money, to use it only for lending to individuals.

Secondly, in this system the circle of participants is not limited. So this is a great solution housing issue not only for those who are registered as needy, but also for those who, according to standards, do not need to improve their living conditions, but simply decided to exchange their three-ruble ruble for a larger apartment.

Thirdly, the opportunity to implement the system is provided to all subject banks banking system The Republic of Belarus. Citizens will be able to choose which bank is more convenient for them to work with.

Fourth, temporarily free cash accumulated in the housing and construction system must be placed in maximum amount accommodation facilities."

Who needs free money?

Temporarily free funds are the amounts of savings of citizens. Why free? Because for three years, while the minimum accumulation period lasts, no one can send them anywhere. However, money should work, and not lie as a dead weight. That is why it is important to determine where the accumulated amount that citizens will contribute will be stored, and how banks will be able to use depositors’ money during this period. It is clear that options that involve risks are eliminated; this is global experience.

As it seems to the Ministry of Construction and Architecture, in order to maintain the sustainable and reliable operation of the savings system, it is advisable to provide an expanded list of objects where, in fact, free funds will be placed. It could also be government securities of the Republic of Belarus, and deposits of banks and OJSC Development Bank of the Republic of Belarus, and securities of OJSC Development Bank of the Republic of Belarus, since they provide additional interest to the amounts of citizens. But this issue has not yet been resolved.

It's a matter of time

It’s hard to say how soon the government will come to a common decision. One thing is clear: decisions cannot be delayed. The sooner the housing construction savings system can start, the sooner the result will be obtained. After all, it takes six to seven years for everything to get going: construction using the housing construction savings system will begin only after the completion of the minimum savings period (which is three years).

The proposed draft decree is conceptual in nature and defines the basic principles of implementation in our country state system ZhSS, - explained Vladimir Doropievich, Deputy Head of the Housing Policy Department of the Ministry of Architecture and Construction of the Republic of Belarus. - In order for it to truly work, on the basis of the decree it is necessary to develop the so-called practical regulatory legal framework in the field banking- both during the period of accumulation and during the period of lending, on the issues of calculating and using the state premium and other issues, many of which will certainly manifest themselves in practice, since the mechanism of construction savings is new for the republic. If the decree on housing construction savings is adopted this year, then at least a year will be spent on developing the accompanying regulatory legal framework. And if at the same time the current system, favorable for the implementation, remains, economic situation, then its launch can be expected no earlier than 2020.

Additionally

The housing and construction savings system has been operating in other countries for a long time. The principles and approaches are the same for everyone, they have been tested, so there is no reason to doubt the effectiveness of this mechanism. Moreover, according to experts, thanks to the introduction of the savings mechanism, about 60% of Belarusian families will be able to count on improving their living conditions. And this is a rather serious and indicative figure.

True, it would be nice to eliminate the disadvantages of the system at the initial stage: this moment note the impossibility of resolving the issue of “last minute” housing options, since banks have a maximum of six months to make a decision on issuing a loan. In addition, the mechanism does not apply to the purchase of housing for secondary market.

Elena KRUTOLEVICH

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They intend to introduce the housing and construction savings system, which works successfully in many European countries, in Belarus. The head of the housing policy department of the Ministry of Architecture and Construction, Alexander Gorval, told BELTA about what it could be like.

— There are categories of citizens for whom state support in construction is not provided. For about 10 years now, work on the housing and construction savings system has been intensifying and then dying out. The draft decree has been submitted to the government. Debates are currently underway; not all parties have yet agreed with some of the features of this system,” said Alexander Gorval.

The new scheme provides for a period of three to seven years, during which it is necessary to accumulate at least 30% of the cost of future housing. For the remaining 70% of the cost, a loan is provided for a period of 15 to 20 years. The loan rate will be 1-2 percentage points below the market rate. Today at the most available loans for real estate provided on a general basis, the rate is 13.5%. The benefit is obvious, but some do not understand it, saying that a regular loan is more profitable. On the one hand, this is true, but in this case you will have to save much longer for housing.

The system of housing and construction savings has long shown its effectiveness; it is the same throughout the world and is not our invention. It is important to understand that its effect is extended over time. The first construction under the housing construction savings system will begin only after the completion of the minimum savings period, that is, after three years. Most likely, only after this will people show interest in it en masse. So, in Kazakhstan, this system started working 8 years after the law on construction savings came into force - it took a lot of time to comprehend it.

— Does it provide new system some state support?

— All citizens have the right to accumulate money under this system, including those who are not registered as needing improved housing conditions. But state support is indeed provided - in the form of a state premium, which is 20% of the refinancing rate. It is designed to protect against risks and somewhat smooth out inflationary losses. We insist that this bonus be given to all participants in the system, especially at the start, in order to create some preferences to increase interest in participating in it. Further time will show the feasibility of providing state support to all citizens. For example, in Germany only a small group of the population still receives some payments in the form of state premiums. It is planned that the system will operate only using internal resources, that is, it will be closed.

— Are banks already showing interest in participating in the housing and construction savings system?

“Some are already expressing interest. This open system, any bank can enter it. It could be a real example of a public-private partnership that would actually work in practice. This mechanism is beneficial for all its participants. For banks - because they attract cheap resources from the population, and not expensive ones interbank market; for a significant mass of the population - because conditions are created for accumulation and profitable receipt loan. And this is beneficial for the economy, since it triggers a multiplier effect: for every ruble invested in this system, industries related to construction also begin to work more actively. Not everyone understands how effective this system is. In capitalist countries, it was initially formed not only to help people, but also to tie up money and form a financial cushion for the state.

— Will the proposed system for purchasing housing on the secondary market work?

— So far we are talking only about construction, reconstruction, and modernization of housing. Buying housing from the secondary market does not involve such an injection of money into the economy. Although in the future, of course, it will be necessary to come to this. In Austria and France, where similar systems operate, people are not restricted for the purpose of accumulation - be it construction, purchase or renovation.

Valentina Zakharovna, July 1 marks three years since the construction savings system was introduced at Belarusbank. Its goal is clear - to help people save money to build or buy housing. What is its essence?
- The construction savings system offered by the bank is completely new for Belarus financial instrument. And it was our bank that developed and implemented it for the citizens of the republic. The system helps to accumulate the necessary amount of money (at least 25% of the total amount of planned investments for the construction or purchase of housing). After this, the bank provides a loan in the amount of up to 75% of the amount of the planned investment for more preferential terms compared with current conditions lending. That is this system consists of two stages - accumulation and lending.
The bank offers three options: 3 years, 5 and 7 years of accumulation. Bank specialists give recommendations on how to build a savings schedule, which savings option to choose, and the date of eligibility for a loan is preliminarily determined.
In case of accumulation of savings in equal installments, the right to receive a loan begins after the entire term of the selected accumulation option has expired. If the entire amount of funds is deposited on the day the agreement is concluded, the right to receive a loan occurs after 19 months.
Thus, the earlier money is deposited into the system, the earlier the date of obtaining the right to a loan occurs. And this rule works strictly.
After the accumulation of funds, the lending stage begins. The loan is issued for a period of up to 20 years at the refinancing rate of the National Bank of the Republic of Belarus plus one percentage point. The loan amount is up to 75% of the amount of construction or purchase of housing, depending on the accumulated amount of savings.
I will specifically focus on economic aspects attractiveness of the construction savings system.
Firstly, at the accumulative stage, the bank pays (accrues) income in the amount of the refinancing rate of the National Bank of the Republic of Belarus. Secondly, long term lending - up to 20 years. Thirdly, the loan fee rate is 2-5 percentage points lower than for other loans for construction or purchase of housing. Fourthly, repayment of principal and interest on the loan is made in equal parts. In addition, all participants in the system, regardless of the need to improve housing conditions, are on equal terms in terms of the terms of the loan and the amount of fees for using the loan.
These conditions are very attractive and significantly increase the creditworthiness of participants in the construction savings system.
- How many people used this bank system to solve their housing problem?
- The work of the construction savings system for three years showed that this product in demand. About 5 thousand people took part in the Belarusbank construction savings system, placing more than 60 billion rubles on the Housing Savings Deposit. Taking into account the completion of the savings stage and receipt of loans, as of June 1, 2009, there were 3.1 thousand “Housing Savings Deposit” accounts with a balance of 45.3 billion rubles.
- Does the place of residence of a system participant affect his ability to purchase or build housing in another region?
- One of the attractive factors is that a participant in the system can build or purchase housing in any region of the country.
A participant in the system has the opportunity to transfer his “Housing savings deposit” to any Belarusbank institution, preserving the accumulation history, and without having to start all over again. Any person, for example a grandmother, parents, can become a participant in the system in order to accumulate funds for grandchildren, children and help them solve the housing problem in the future. These persons have the opportunity to assign the right of claim under the contract housing savings to their grandchildren or children, who in the future will receive a loan themselves, build or buy housing, and will themselves pay the bank for the used loan.
- In February last year, the bank began implementing the second stage - issuing loans through the construction savings system. What is the percentage of system participants who have used bank loans over the past year and a half? And what is more - building or buying housing?
- During this time, loans amounting to almost 50 billion rubles were issued to about 800 system participants. At the same time, about 20% was allocated for housing construction, and more than 80% for its purchase. As the figures show, system participants buy housing most of all.
- As with any loan, to obtain a loan through the construction savings system you need to submit a certain package of documents...
- It all depends on whether you plan to buy an apartment or build one. When purchasing a home to obtain a loan, you must submit a residential purchase and sale agreement and a certificate of market value housing, in the case of apartment construction - a contract for its construction. Also, to calculate solvency, you must provide information about your income and the income of the guarantors for the last three months.
- If a person moves to another city, is it possible to transfer a savings deposit there through the construction savings system or do we have to start all over again?
- The deposit within the framework of the construction savings system can be transferred to any region of Belarus, but only to the Belarusbank institution.
- Is it possible to change the contract amount? For example, we planned to build a 2-room apartment, but the situation has changed and it is necessary to build a 3-room apartment.
- Yes it is possible. You just need to decide to increase the amount of contributions, and the more you save, the larger the loan amount will be. You can come to the bank and, with the help of our specialists, adjust the savings regime.
The accumulation of funds is not regulated; the system participant determines for himself the mode and timing of depositing funds. This means that if at the initial stage it was planned to build a 2-room apartment, and then the situation changed, then the participant himself makes the decision and accumulates a larger amount.

I invite you, dear readers, to become participants in the construction savings system offered by Belarusbank, to build or purchase an apartment or an individual residential building.

"Housing Construction Savings", or in another way "Construction Savings Banks" for Russia a completely new system and still little familiar to citizens mortgage lending. Although in other countries this system has already existed successfully for more than a dozen years and allows millions of people to purchase housing at mortgage rates much lower than market prices by 4-6%. Let's take a look at this system and try to understand all its advantages and features.

Principle of the Housing and Social Insurance Program

The principle of operation of housing construction savings implies a mortgage-savings mechanism, which provides for the purchase of housing in two stages: accumulation and lending. First, the program participant saves money to pay part of the cost of housing in a special bank deposit, and the state accrues a budget bonus (surcharge) on this contribution from the amount of additional contributions of the citizen. After the accumulation period expires, the program participant has the opportunity to apply for a mortgage in this bank at preferential rate.

This mechanism allows you to attract so-called “long-term” money into the economy for 3-5 years, which is used to finance the construction sector, and in the future, when a person has accumulated a certain amount and received mortgage— stimulating demand for real estate.

The main purpose of the mechanism– ensure the availability of mortgage lending for citizens with low incomes.

Experience of the program in Russia and the world

The housing savings mechanism first appeared in Germany in 1885. It was then that the first construction savings banks appeared. They became especially widespread after the First World War, when Germany experienced an acute housing crisis.

Since then, this program exists and develops. In addition, the experience of Germany was successfully adopted by other countries in Europe (Austria, France, Denmark, Great Britain) and America. For several years now, such a program has existed and is successfully developing in Kazakhstan.

In Russia, housing construction savings appeared several years ago. At the moment, such programs operate only in 2 regions: the Krasnodar Territory and the Republic of Bashkortostan.

Housing Construction Savings in Bashkortostan

In Bashkiria, with the support of the Government of the Republic of Belarus, the program was launched in 2014 and more than a thousand people have already applied for participation. At the initial stage, participation was available to any citizen of the Russian Federation aged 18 to 65 years who had permanent registration in the territory of Bashkortostan.

Since March 2019, the Head of the Republic of Bashkortostan R. Khabirov signed a decree on the availability of the HSS program to all citizens of the Republic.

To become a participant in the program, a resident of the region should open a special deposit in one of the authorized banks. Then every month for at least three years you need to pay additional contributions for a deposit of at least 3 thousand rubles. For such a deposit, the bank accrues 1.5-2% per annum (depending on the period of accumulation).

At the same time, the republican authorities will transfer a so-called budget bonus to this contribution. In relative terms, it will be 30% of the replenishment amount, and in monetary terms – no more than 3 thousand rubles. For example, when a client deposits 10 thousand rubles, it will increase due to budget funds another 30%, that is, 3 thousand rubles.

As soon as the accumulation period ends, the investor has the opportunity to obtain a mortgage loan from the same bank at a rate of 6-7% per annum. Maximum term such lending can be no more than 1.5 times the accumulation period on the deposit. That is, if you save for 5 years, then upon completion of accumulation you can get a mortgage loan at a preferential rate for a period of no more than 7.5 years.

Banks participating in HSS in the Republic of Belarus

As of 2019, the partner banks of this program in the region are Sberbank (Program “Construction Savings Banks”) And Uralsib (Housing Construction Savings Program). In the future, as it develops, it plans to add several more large banks.

The main stages of Housing Construction Savings in the Republic of Belarus

Those who hear about this mortgage and savings program for the first time ask the question: “How can you participate in the Housing Construction Savings Program?” In fact, there is nothing complicated here. Below is a step-by-step algorithm of actions.

1. Application of a citizen with a passport and an application of the established form to a bank participating in the system (Sberbank or Uralsib). We recommend Bank Uralsib, since the savings conditions there are a little more profitable!
2. In case of positive acceptance of the bank and acceptance by the State Construction Committee of the Rep. Bashkortostan decides on the possibility of the applicant’s participation in the housing insurance system of the Republic of Belarus, the bank enters into an agreement with the applicant on opening a savings deposit.
3. Citizens participating in the Housing Insurance System of the Republic of Belarus contribute funds to a savings deposit for 3-6 years.
4. After the end of the deposit period, the accumulated amount can be used as an initial fee(no more than 50% of the cost of the apartment) on a mortgage with a preferential rate of 6-7% per annum.

Advantages housing construction programs in the Republic of Belarus

Now let's look at what pros and cons the program currently has.

• Under the Housing Construction Savings program, you can get a mortgage at a preferential rate for the purchase of an apartment in a new building, on the secondary market, a private house or land for construction.
• The program does not prohibit combining the accumulated amount with another program participant. For example, you can save for two family members at the same time. Everyone will receive a supplement from the state.
• After 5 years of accumulation, if a program participant changes his mind about taking out a mortgage loan, he can spend the accumulated funds along with the premium from the state at his own discretion. But this condition available only to certain categories of citizens: citizens with 1 or more children; worker budgetary sphere etc. For more details, please refer to the program rules.
• Among the disadvantages, only a limited number of participating banks can be identified.

We continue the reader’s story competition “My Housing”, in which everyone can tell how they bought an apartment in cramped monetary terms. Today, reader Natalya from Baranovichi will compete for a certificate from the Papa Carlo furniture fittings and materials center. With the help of the construction savings system, her family managed to move from a two-room apartment to a three-room apartment, which Natalya is in a hurry to tell readers about.

In 2017, my husband and I had a little one two-roomed flat with total area 47 sq. m with good repair in the city of Baranovichi. Two children, I'm in maternity leave, there was no one to expect financial help from, and besides, we still owed $1,700 for the two-room apartment in which we lived. Yes, it was possible to save money, take out a loan at a high interest rate, but we wanted to live for our own pleasure. Therefore, having learned from my husband’s relatives about a loan for housing construction using the construction savings system, we began to act.

We had 2 options: the first was to open our own deposit, put 25% of the cost of the apartment in the bank and wait 19 months, the second was to find someone else’s deposit with an expired loan, issued before 02.2016, and persuade the depositors to transfer it to us for a fee (after 02.2016 the contribution can be assigned only to relatives).

Of course, we liked the second option more, but there were a lot of people like us, and sometimes the deposit was “received” by the one who offered the largest reward, and it, as a rule, was 1/3 of the deposit amount.

We put the apartment up for sale and at the same time were looking for a deposit and new housing, and also thought through options for where we could get money. The search for a deposit dragged on, and we decided to open our own deposit, but we needed money for this - $5000. The amount of $3,300 was borrowed from relatives for 19 months, and $1,700 was borrowed for 3 years under the program for pensioners, where there were the lowest interest rates(the loan was also issued to relatives).

But somehow I didn’t want to sit, wait and be afraid of everything that could happen in 19 months. Were different situations: sometimes found required contribution, sometimes - a buyer for an apartment, but in the end everything didn’t work out. One day we saw an advertisement on the Internet about the assignment of a deposit. The investor requested $1,300 as a reward. The amount on deposit was $10,000, and the loan that was due for it was about $30,000.

We urgently needed to find money for a deposit. We took out a loan at high interest rates, as we planned to return the money quickly. We have the deposit in hand, then we urgently sell the apartment, cunningly putting pressure on the buyers. And with choice new apartment the issue was resolved in advance. All that remains is to bargain.

Baranovichi UKS offered 80 “squares” in a new brick building for $40,500 for those in need and for $44,000 for others. Bargaining with a developer, especially a state-owned one, is a futile task, so we bet on the “resale” and were right: an apartment with a total area of ​​80 sq. m. m on the 7th floor brick house Built in 2011, which was originally offered for $47,000, it was sold to us for $43,000.

Our total debt was $13,000: $1,700 for the old apartment, $10,000 for the deposit, $1,300 for the deposit. We sold our apartment for $26,000, paid off all the debts, and we had $13,000 left, and had another $10,000 on deposit. We transferred money for the apartment in 3 stages. First, a deposit was used - $10,000. Then they took out a loan - $25,000. Then another $8,000 was transferred in cash. As a result, we still had money in our hands.