Book of income and expenses / 04.03.2020

Demand deposit benefits for the bank. Demand deposits are funds that can be called at any time. Is it possible to live on interest from a deposit?

The basis of deposit resources are demand accounts (they are also called checking accounts, transaction accounts from the English transaction - operation). Demand accounts involve spending or issuing funds from them at the first request of the owner of such an account or a person authorized by the account owner to carry out transactions on the account. Demand accounts are opened so that their owners can freely receive and spend funds stored in the bank to settle commercial transactions and pay current expenses.
From their settlement and current accounts, enterprises and organizations pay their expenses related to settlements with suppliers, contractors, the budget and off-budget funds, withdraw money to pay wages and travel allowances for employees, make other necessary payments. These accounts receive revenue from the sale of products and services of enterprises, and other payments are made to legal entities- the owners of these accounts and the cash deposited by the enterprises is credited to their bank account. In addition, the settlement and current accounts of legal entities can be credited with the amounts of loans granted to them, contributions of shareholders (participants) of enterprises to their authorized capitals, amounts of deposits and interest paid by banks to enterprises for the use of borrowed funds, as well as fines, penalties and other cash receipts in non-cash and cash forms.
Opening bank account to an individual, as a rule, is carried out on the basis of a corresponding application from this person and presentation of a passport or other document identifying the applicant.
As a rule, demand accounts are the lowest-yielding ones, since banks either do not charge interest on them at all, or these interests are significantly lower than those paid when placing funds for a certain period. In addition, the bank charges fees for account transactions in the form of a fixed monthly account maintenance fee or a certain amount (or percentage of the payment amount) charged for each account transaction (or each debit transaction on the account).
In order to provide bank account holders with more high profitability and, accordingly, to interest them in storing funds in the bank, credit institutions are introducing other types of demand accounts into practice. For example, the so-called “NOW-accounts” (English: Negotial Order of Withdrawal, NOW-accounts), common in the USA, allow the account owner to issue settlement bills of exchange (drafts), which serve as a payment instrument (similarly bank checks), and at the same time receive higher interest on your bank account balance. In Russian practice, “nau accounts” are not used due to the underdevelopment of the circulation of the corresponding transferable instruments.
Demand accounts with an established minimum balance allow you to increase the amount of interest income received. In this case, the agreement concluded by the bank with the client sets a limit below which the amount of funds stored in his account cannot fall. If the funds in the account are depleted, the depositor must replenish it in order to carry out debit transactions from the account in the future.
To increase clients' interest in keeping the established minimum account balance, they may be offered preferential terms obtaining loans, reducing fees for account servicing, etc.
A type of demand accounts that is becoming increasingly widespread are special card accounts opened to bank card holders. Spending of funds from a special card account is carried out within the spending limit (for payment cards) or within the limits provided to the account owner line of credit and spending limit (for credit cards).
Another type of demand accounts is correspondent accounts. These accounts cannot be opened to individuals or businesses; they are opened exclusively to credit institutions central bank countries - in its settlement network (in the RCC) or other credit institutions. The concept of a correspondent account is essentially similar to the concept of an enterprise current account.

Demand deposits or perpetual deposits - what are they?

When studying interest rates on investments, citizens often come across the concept of “on demand”. Investments of this kind are significantly different from others. financial products the amount of interest and the basic level of profitability. What is this type of product?

The main feature of the Demand Deposit is the ability to use your savings at any time. Withdrawal of profits occurs without loss of accruals. The deposit is unlimited - you can withdraw cash from your savings bank account at any convenient time.

Clients use banking products of this kind to securely store money and pay for services.

Like anyone banking product, the Demand Deposit has its pros and cons.

The advantages are the following characteristics:

wide possibilities for using accumulated income: the deposit provides for full or partial withdrawal of money, replenishing an account with an indefinite amount, operations to transfer savings for various needs, etc.;
guarantee of security of accruals and related information. Concealment of information is ensured by the bank, and the safety of money is provided by mandatory insurance.

Flaws:

low profitability;
capitalization of interest;
accrual of minimum profit when the amount changes.

Important! The deposit is designed for clients who want to spend cash transactions and make money transfers in order to replenish them. This is distinctive feature a deposit from a bank account that involves settlement manipulations.

Why do banks need them?

The goal of any financial institution is to make a profit for the owner. The level of income is determined by the speed of money turnover.

According to statistics, the invested funds of bank clients make more than 30 turnover in one year. This is the most high speed turnover, so it brings maximum profit to financial institutions.

Russian banks direct all cash received from clients to the most liquid financial circulation.

Finance is distributed in the following areas:

Using the bulk of investments as cash.
Investing in short-term securities, which are issued by the state.
The smallest part of the money is used for lending.

"On demand" is the most profitable way banks receiving cheap investments. The use of investors' money occurs with minimum commission(from 0.001 to 5 percent per annum). Most favorable rate provided to legal entities.

Under what conditions can I open?

A demand deposit for individuals is represented by a bank account with an unlimited validity period. Income can be placed in both foreign and domestic currency.

By attachments installed following conditions(the bank reserves the right to make adjustments):

No subscription fee for service;
The replenishment amount is not limited;
withdrawal of any amount of funds by the owner is allowed;
accrued interest is intended for capitalization.

According to statistics, perpetual investments account for up to 17% of all loan portfolios Russian banking organizations. The most high interest rates are accrued on the balance of funds upon early repayment.

How can you use a demand deposit?

Citizens who have the deposit at their disposal use it at their own discretion.

Some open it for the purpose of storing funds, others - to simplify expense management.

To pay utility bills

Transfer money to utility services - convenient system payment for services. This means that by contacting the bank, you can pay off all debts in different instances at once without paying interest.

To transfer funds

Transferring finances to various social needs is the most important function of using investments. There is no commission for the transfer - this is a big plus of the program.

To store a certain amount of money

Demand deposits - a safe place to store Money. Income is insured, which ensures complete safety of savings, even in the event of bank liquidation.

This is a great option for retirees to keep their savings in a safe place.

How to open a permanent deposit - a detailed guide

Opening an interest-bearing deposit will not take much time.

Follow step by step instructions and you can easily get your own money vault:

Contact the bank and show the employee your passport.
Enter a small amount money. Minimum bid— 10 rub.
Fill out the form and sign 2 copies of the agreement.
Top up your account or cash out at any convenient time without restrictions.

After signing the contract, the client has the right to the following actions:

execution of a power of attorney;
indication of the person to whom the deposit will be inherited;
receiving a detailed bank statement about all movements of money.

To use services for depositing or withdrawing cash, have your passport and the original agreement with you. To receive a money transfer to your open account, check with our staff for the full details required to deposit money. Usually the TIN, full name is indicated banking organization and BIC.

To open a deposit online, you must follow the instructions.

Let's look at the example of Sberbank:

Go to Personal Area on the Sberbank website.
Go to the “Deposits and Accounts” section.
Select "Open a deposit".
On the page that opens, you must select best option and fill out the form.
After selecting all categories, press the "Open" key.
If the entered data is correct, confirm your agreement with the proposed conditions.
Submit your application. After confirmation, all data will be displayed in the “Deposits and Accounts” section.

Where to open a demand deposit

Almost all financial institutions in Russia have the same conditions for investments on demand. The differences are minor. They are very popular among the population large banks which have proven themselves well - Sberbank, VTB24, Alfabank, etc.

Below are banks where you can open a deposit on favorable terms.

Rosselkhozbank

A minimum balance of funds is required after withdrawal.

Cash deposits and withdrawals are allowed in amounts starting from 10 rubles (or 5 dollars). The interest rate is 0.01%.

Alfa Bank

Opening an investment is possible in different currencies— dollars, euros, rubles, pounds, Japanese yen. Annual rate is 0.01%. There are no restrictions on withdrawal, deposit and transfer.

Bank opening

If expense transactions are held in non-cash form, then the program provides for an additional commission. By financial transactions there are no restrictions. The standard rate is 0.01% per annum.

How to close an account

The closing procedure is extremely simple. If you wish, you can do this even online.

However early dissolution It is better to make a deposit not by calling the manager, but by going directly to a bank branch. A verbal statement from you is sufficient. Closing usually takes 1 to 3 business days.

At difficult situation You must submit an application to close the account in 2 copies - in writing. We give one copy to the bank's reception department, the second is registered by a bank employee.

If a banking institution refuses to issue funds, contact the Central Bank of the Russian Federation with an application and agreement. Next - to court.

The procedure for closing via the Internet is as follows (using the example of Sberbank):

by opening the “Deposits and Accounts” link, go to the “Closing Deposit” section;
fill out the application by selecting the direction you plan to close;
mark the goals for which you will spend the rest of your savings and enter the details to which you want to make the transfer;
the deposit is closed with the current date;
click "Close";
check the entered data and confirm the application.

When the bank processes the document, the application form will be stamped “Completed”. To confirm the transaction, simply print out the completed receipt.

From this video you will learn what to do if a bank’s license is revoked:

How profitable is a demand deposit - reviews from depositors

Clients of financial institutions are mostly satisfied with the On Demand program. The positive reviews are due to the many benefits of using deposits.

Investors claim that they are making tangible profits:

Savings are reliably protected as they are insured.
Deposits are used as current accounts.
Investments are used to store and accumulate income.
Periodic replenishment of the current account provides citizens with an accumulation of large amount money.
Provision is made for the transfer of insured savings by inheritance.
There is no need to close the account after withdrawing savings, since the minimum balance is very small - the client does not lose anything by withdrawing his finances.
It is possible to receive various social payments.
Cash settlement procedures are carried out with a minimum commission.
Clients give it as a gift bank cards on favorable terms.
Interest is paid at a low rate, credit limit relatively small.

Conclusion

If you want to preserve your savings and protect them from all kinds of risks, it is not necessary to turn to deposit programs with a high interest rate. Make a deposit on demand and over time you will accumulate a large sum Money. Do this in rubles, dollars or euros.

For many, it has become quite common to trust their savings to banks that offer, although not high, but stable income. Typically, two types of deposits are used for this purpose: time deposits and demand deposits. In the first case, the terms of the deposit agreement stipulate the timing of the placement of funds, the conditions for their withdrawal and the possibility of replenishment. The second option has significant differences and is not suitable for all investors, primarily due to the low interest rate.

The essence of demand deposits

One of the main features characterizing this type of deposit is the almost complete absence of restrictions on any transactions on the part of the owner. Unlike the classic time deposits, the advantage of this type of investment is the unlimited period of use of the account. The depositor can use his funds at any time without notifying the bank in advance. However, he does not pay any additional commissions or fines.

Another significant difference between demand deposits and time deposits is their very low yield. Interest rates vary in many banks from 0.1% to 0.5% per annum. Therefore, this type of investment cannot be called profitable. At its core, this type of investment is more reminiscent of opening a bank account from which client accounts are serviced and payments are made. But the key difference between a demand deposit and a payment account is precisely the absence of such an opportunity. The depositor has the right only to conduct cash transactions, cash withdrawals and transfers to the owner’s name.

However, demand deposits are popular. Why are they so often opened by bank clients?

What are the advantages of demand deposits?

The main advantage is the ability to use money without restrictions on the period and amount. In other words, the owner of the funds simply places them on bank account in order to protect them from theft, loss, and partially from depreciation. As a rule, profitability is not a priority goal in this case. Most often, opening such accounts is beneficial in situations where money may be needed at any time. Or in cases where a purchase or other expenses are planned for the near future. In this case, it makes no sense to open a time deposit, since the date when the money will be needed is not known in advance.

Thus, the main purpose of demand deposits is to ensure the safety of money and its increase with a small percentage of return.

As an example, we can consider a situation where a bank client exchanges housing. The proceeds from the sale of the old apartment are planned to be used to purchase new apartment. However, the final date of the deal is still unknown. It is not safe to store money at home, since, most likely, many people know about its existence, and there is no guarantee of its safety. At the same time, opening a deposit account in the classic version is also not rational, since funds may be needed in a month, or they may come in handy in two or three days. It is precisely for such cases that a demand deposit is provided - the money is protected from theft and at the same time available to the owner at any time.

Conditions for placing funds on demand deposits

Banks offer the opportunity to open such deposits in various currencies. But since depositors most often have to deal with rubles, ruble deposits are the most relevant.

First of all, it should be said about profitability. As mentioned above, it is usually 0.01-0.5% per annum. Banks offering similar rates on demand deposits include, in particular, VTB24, Sberbank and other large credit organizations. But, for example, in Fondservisbank the rates on such deposits are higher - 1% per annum. Mosoblbank gives 1.5% to depositors on demand deposits. Typically, the highest interest rates are for retirees. Promservicebank stands out here with a rate of 3.5% and demand deposits for pensioners from Sberbank. The terms of some of them provide for a rate up to 5% per annum.

The interest rate is perhaps the only bank condition regulating the placement of money. The initial deposit amount most often has no restrictions. But some banks require you to deposit minimum payment. So, when opening a demand deposit in Sberbank prerequisite is to deposit at least 10 rubles into the account; at VTB24 bank this amount is 100 rubles. Also, at least 10 rubles must be deposited into an account at Rosselkhozbank.

Further conditions for opening and using demand deposits are similar in all credit institutions. Capitalization of interest and the possibility of replenishing an account are provided everywhere. Moreover, there are no restrictions either on the amount of additional investments or on their frequency. There are also no restrictions on withdrawing money from the account.

An advantageous advantage for such deposits is the possibility of opening them simultaneously with a time deposit, which has an auto-renewal function. If, when the deposit agreement expires, money is not withdrawn from the deposit, it is automatically transferred to the demand deposit. This condition must be separately stipulated in the deposit agreement. Otherwise, all deposit funds by default can be transferred to the next placement period, and they can be withdrawn without loss only upon its completion.

Who is suitable for demand deposits?

First of all, demand deposits are beneficial to the banks themselves - they get the cheapest access to using money of all possible options. But investors also have certain advantages, such as:

reliability, compared to storing money at home;
free access to own funds, without restrictions on terms and amounts of withdrawal/replenishment;
protection of invested funds through the deposit insurance system;
stable, albeit minimal, income on the deposit

Demand deposits are especially suitable for those who need to constantly use accumulated funds and may need money in the near future, without having any other way to store money.

If a citizen has available funds, but does not know when he will need them, he can open a demand deposit. The service will help preserve capital and increase it. Opening this type of deposit will allow you not to lose access to funds. You can withdraw the amount deposited for storage at any time. The service also has a number of other features that you should familiarize yourself with before transferring capital to the bank.

Definition of the concept

A demand deposit is a type of deposit that is opened for an indefinite period of time. Having transferred funds to the company, the client can withdraw them at any time. There is no restriction on withdrawals. The financial institution charges small interest for storing capital.

The deposit brings virtually no income to the client. However, in accordance with the regulations Civil Code RF, the proposal is called a contribution. When transferring money to the bank, the client must first enter into an appropriate agreement with the financial institution. Based on the provisions of the agreement, the owner of the funds has the right to carry out cash transactions with money, as well as Money transfers in order to replenish the deposit. This is the main difference between the service and a standard bank account. The latter is created only for cash settlement operations.

Distinctive features of the offer

Having decided to open a demand deposit, a person will find out that the offer is practically no different from other bank deposits. As is the case with other types of deposits, the funds will be transferred to the bank for safekeeping. The financial institution uses the capital for its own purposes and charges interest on it, which increases the amount of money in the account. However, a number of significant differences still exist:

If you close the deposit on demand at any time, there will be no loss of accrued interest. This rule does not apply when storing time deposits. The terms of the contract usually stipulate that the amount of income will be significantly reduced.
If a person decides to withdraw money from a demand deposit, there is no need to warn the bank about this. Sometimes you can transfer capital remotely. Usually the offer implies the need to notify the company in advance. To do this, you will need to visit the institution’s office and write an application.
You can withdraw your deposit on demand in the same currency in which it was deposited. Other types of deposits are paid only in rubles.

A demand deposit with Sberbank of Russia or another financial organization is usually not opened for earning money. Therefore, the amount of income for storing capital is minimal.

People often use demand deposits to make transactions with large amounts of capital. A deposit allows you to access your account at any time. To increase your earnings, some financial institutions charge additional fees for withdrawing capital and depositing additional funds into the account.

Demand deposit in mandatory is insured. If the bank goes bankrupt, the owner of the funds will be entitled to compensation. Its provision is regulated by Article No. 837 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. If the company refuses to reimburse lost capital, it can be returned through legal action.

Bank benefit

For banks, providing demand deposits is a profitable service. The client’s funds turn over from 30 to 50 times per year. This figure is the highest. The bank distributes the client's capital as follows:

most of it is used in the form of cash;
a certain amount of money is invested in securities issued by the state (short-term);
Part of the funds goes to lending to individuals.

For the bank, the offer is a way to obtain cheap investments. However, by providing a service, the company is forced to take a certain risk. So, the owner of the deposit can contact the organization with a demand for the return of all investments. And in this situation, the financial organization will be forced to withdraw previously made investments in financial instruments. Due to high risks, the cost of such deposit programs is greatly reduced.

Why do individuals open such deposits?

If a person wants to earn money passively, he usually opens time deposits. Demand deposits are created for the following purposes:

Funds protection. Capital is insured against losses.
Indefinite storage of funds. A deposit is used if a person does not know when he will need capital. You can store the funds for any period of time. Sometimes the demand deposit becomes the family budget. It can be inherited. To do this, the owner of the capital will need to draw up a testamentary disposition.
Accumulation of funds in foreign currency. I can only open a demand deposit in rubles. Today there are dollar deposits, as well as accounts opened in pounds, euros, francs and other currencies.
Free current account. There are typically service fees associated with setting up a classic checking account. A demand deposit allows you to carry out similar transactions without paying a fee.

Sometimes banks set additional conditions. For example, the offer from VTB24 implies the presence of a minimum replenishment amount. Its size is 100 rubles.

Under what conditions will it be possible to open?

The conditions under which a bank demand deposit is opened are identical in almost all financial institutions. The service has the following features:

extension is performed automatically. The action is carried out once a year;
There is no service fee;
the client has the right to receive the deposited capital at any time;
You can top up your account without restrictions.

The bank does not have requirements for a minimum account balance. The proposal sets minimum interest rates. Their size varies from 0.001% to 1.5%. It will not be possible to find an offer that implies accrual of higher profits. It will be unprofitable for the bank to provide similar service. A financial organization cannot fully use the money transferred for storage and receive income from it. However, up to 17% of the credit profile of financial institutions is formed from time deposits.

Where can I create a deposit?

Interest on demand deposits may vary. They depend on domestic policy selected bank. You can use the service by contacting:

Sberbank. An account can be opened in rubles or foreign currency. Money is placed for an unlimited period. Minimum size The contribution is 10 rubles or 5 conventional units. You can deposit additional capital into your account without restrictions. The client can withdraw the savings in whole or in part at any time. In order for the account not to be closed, an amount equal to the minimum balance must remain on it. It is 10 rubles. or 5 conventional units. Income is accrued at a rate of 0.01% per annum. The action is performed once per quarter. Interest is capitalized.
Rosselkhozbank. An account can be opened in rubles, dollars or euros. Regardless of which currency is chosen, the income will be 0.01%. Profit is accrued once a quarter. Money can be withdrawn at any time. However, at least 10 rubles must remain in the account. The storage period for funds is unlimited.
Sovcombank. The company will agree to open a demand deposit if a person provides at least 100 rubles. An income of 0.1% per annum is accrued on funds. If there is a need, the owner of the funds can withdraw or contribute additional capital. The contract has no validity period.
Moscow Credit Bank. The deposit can be made in the name of a person over 14 years of age. The income will be 0.1%. The contract can be terminated at any time. There are no restrictions on withdrawals and deposits to your account.

A demand deposit allows the borrower to earn a profit in passive mode. The main advantage of the service is the ability to quickly access funds. You can withdraw capital or deposit additional money into your account at any time. Sometimes financial organizations charge a commission for carrying out the action. The specifics of cooperation with the owner of funds depend on the internal policies of the financial organization.

Dec 26, 2017 Sergey

Bank deposits are considered in our country one of the most reliable ways to preserve and increase capital. They guarantee the depositor, at the end of the contract, the return of savings along with the interest accrued on them. The degree of benefit of placing funds on deposits depends on the current economic situation.

Advantages of time bank deposits

When you invest a certain amount for a certain period, at the end of the period, in addition to this amount, you are also paid a certain percentage. Nominally you get more money, but the real gain depends on how much the interest rate exceeds (or does not exceed) the rate of inflation. It may turn out that given the rise in price consumer basket you will be able to buy goods even less than before opening the deposit. That's why bank deposits become extremely attractive investment instrument in progress economic growth which provides high stakes and low inflation. The advantages of deposits at this stage are obvious.

In addition to high inflation, dangers that await investors include possible problems the bank with which the agreement was concluded, and the features of deposits and conditions for them in different banks. In the first case, the guarantee of reliability of savings is provided by the “Deposit Insurance Agency” - a state company, which, upon the occurrence of insured event(bankruptcy, revocation of license) reimburses the investor for an amount of up to 1,400 thousand rubles. inclusive.

As for the non-transparent conditions for deposits, you should be especially careful here. Many financial institutions resort to vague language hidden commissions, non-standard methods of calculating interest; enter special conditions withdrawals. To get a complete picture of the product offered, ask for a quote before concluding a contract. real amount, which you will receive in your hands at the end of the term. This way you can assess how profitable the deal promises to be.

Pros and cons of bank deposits

Before choosing a specific program and weighing all the pros and cons of the deposit, you should decide on the amount that you are willing to deposit as interest. Banks adhere to a clear rule: than more money, the higher the deposit rate.

All deposits are divided according to their intended purpose - for individuals and legal entities. The first ones are intended for ordinary citizens; they are covered by the deposit insurance system. In addition, there are specialized software products for narrower groups - pensioners, children, students, mortgage borrowers etc. As a rule, such programs differ loyal conditions and the highest possible rates.

According to the terms of placement of funds, deposits are divided into time deposits and demand deposits. Urgent ones are involved for a certain period and involve maximum bets. They, in turn, are divided into savings (it is prohibited to replenish and withdraw funds), accumulative (with replenishment) and settlement, or universal, (with incoming and outgoing transactions).

Demand deposits are a bank account from which money can be withdrawn at any time. It is clear that interest on such an agreement is minimal.

By currency, deposits are differentiated into ruble, in, in and multi-currency.

In addition, interest conditions make it possible to classify deposit agreements as one type or another. Deposits can have a fixed or floating interest rate, various accrual conditions (simple and compound interest) and different terms of interest payments (monthly, annually, one-time at the end of the contract). These conditions must be specified in the contract.

How will apartment buildings be assigned an energy efficiency class and why is this necessary?

Job description of a warehouse worker Instructions for storing goods and materials in a warehouse

Demand deposit benefits for the bank. Demand deposits are funds that can be called at any time. Is it possible to live on interest from a deposit?