How to use a hectare of land in the Far East. Far East hectare. As it is, without propaganda. Where and what lands

The ambitious project "Far Eastern Hectare" sums up the first results: the hectare workers, who took the first plots of land, draw up reporting declarations. "Gektar" was designed to solve the problem of the outflow of people from the Far East - over the past 25 years, according to Vladimir Putin, almost 2 million people have left it. But instead of the estimated 30 million people, this initiative attracted only 73,000. The Secret of the Firm figured out why even significant benefits did not motivate Russians to take free land in the Far East and what difficulties hectare owners faced.

"Hektar": the rules of the game

The law on the Far Eastern hectare was adopted in 2016 to develop almost a third of the lands of this district - more than 170 million hectares. From June 2016, it came into force for residents of the Far Eastern Federal District, and from February 2017 - for all Russians.

The Far Eastern Hectare program was launched three years ago from pilot regions in the Far East itself. The first to take part in it were one municipality in each of the (at that time) nine regions of the Far Eastern Federal District. In October 2016, the second stage of the program started, when all Far East residents got the opportunity to register land in their regions. On February 1, 2017, the program became available to all Russians. Before the adoption of the law in Yakutia, there were a number of protests by local residents who were afraid that hectare owners would cut off access to the natural resources of the region. However, now the Yakut people are in second place in terms of the number of issued hectares in the country.

Shortly after the launch of the project in the Far East, three northwestern regions of Russia: Kostroma in 2017, Leningrad and Vologda in 2018, introduced their bills on the free distribution of unused land to families (Russian citizens) on the same conditions. From August 2019, Buryatia and the Trans-Baikal Territory will join the program, from 2020 all residents of Russia can take a hectare in these regions.

How to get land

To obtain a hectare, a simple application is sufficient. Then, during the first year, the hectare owner needs to decide on the type of use of the site, after three years - to declare the development progress, moreover, there are no clear development criteria at the moment. After five years of use, the site can be obtained in ownership or long-term lease - 49 years.

*Data from the Agency for the Development of Human Capital in the Far East.

From mortgages to memes: how did they try to attract Russians to Hektar

Every year the requirements for hectare growers are getting softer: now they are not only Russians. On March 28, 2019, a law came into force that allows participants in the program for voluntary resettlement in the Russian Federation of compatriots living abroad to receive a hectare. The same act allowed the Russians to register the Far Eastern hectares as property ahead of schedule when building a house.

In September 2018, the Ministry for the Development of the Far East planned to amend the hectare law, according to which a person, after successful land development, can claim the next plot of land of the same size. On June 26, the authorized representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the Far Eastern Federal District, Yuri Trutnev, announced that the owners of Far Eastern hectares will very soon be able to take advantage of a preferential mortgage at 2% per annum for building a house for 20 years. The document is still under development. It is also proposed to reduce the buffer zone in the Primorsky Territory: it is planned to allocate land 10 km from Vladivostok instead of the previous 20 km and “open” the “buffer” of Nakhodka for a hectare.

In different years, advertisements and memes were used to draw attention to Hektar (for example, to popularize the program in Khabarovsk, they re-shot video clip about Peter the pig) and images of celebrities. Thus, a fighter of mixed martial arts (MMA), now a deputy of the city council of Krasnogorsk, Jeff Monson, who received Russian citizenship, announced his intention to take a hectare. Also, the authorities of Primorye reported that Steven Seagal would take part in the filming of a new television project of the Rossiya 1 channel dedicated to Hektar. This was later denied by both the actor and the channel itself.

The project website reports on 35 measures to help people who take a Far Eastern hectare (grants, microloans, loans). They also offer "ready-made" business plans for hectares with a specific purpose of the land. Many of them are attracted by amounts of initial investment that are incomprehensible at first glance: for example, according to the site, “7,180 thousand rubles” must be spent on organizing the collection of wild plants, and “5,718 thousand rubles” on creating a car service.

“Yes, it seems that nothing is needed for wild plants, except for the container itself, where to collect them, but you need to remember that you must understand how you can get to your wild plants, how is the infrastructure on this site, how are things with the road and how you will export these wild plants,” says Daria Pozdnyakova, one of the hectare workers.

All by yourself

A resident of the Kamchatka Territory, Daria Pozdnyakova, took two hectares in 2017 with her husband. Later, another hectare was added to this land from her sister, who moved to St. Petersburg. Daria took the land for her old hobby, which became a business - for a horse-tourist club.

“Now we have 12 horses, seven dogs and three hectares,” says the girl. By the time the program was launched, the issue of placing animals was acute: the family moved from one rented site to another, and the animals suffered from this. When they chose the land, Daria and her husband themselves went to a hectare, inspected the site. They took it only from the second or third time: refusals came, since during the checks it turned out that the land was already owned.

“In the Far East, even within one kilometer, the landscape can change, from a swamp to a hill there can be a distance of 400–500 m,” says Daria. “We specifically went to our hectare in bad weather to see how the soil reacts, how windy it is.” She says that now there is not enough land - for grazing horses - and the family of hectare owners plans to rent additional areas.

Investments in business on free land amounted to 4 million rubles, part of them - borrowed funds, part - an ordinary bank loan (to drill a well for water). Daria and her husband did not receive any benefits. But they signed an agreement with the Kamchatka RAO for the supply of electricity, which, under subsidies, will cost them 50,000 rubles instead of 2.5 million rubles. They are engaged in backfilling the road, its cleaning, equipping septic tanks, construction themselves and at their own expense.

Zinnur Zinnyatullin

Lawyer of the company "Knyazev and partners", specialist in land law

Hectare owners do not have legal mechanisms to push for the creation of infrastructure. Funds for this are allocated under state programs from the budget and only if some kind of rural settlement has been formed, and not if you have a plot in a forest or in a field.

The hectares have not yet reached the break-even point. Daria says that the start time for making a profit depends on which business development path the family will eventually take: whether it will be guest houses or just horse tourism. Now income is highly dependent on the weather, the season, and the number of tourist groups. For example, in summer the tourist season is in full swing, but in 2019 it rained throughout June and there were practically no tourists. Income, respectively, too.

More profitable together

Mikhail Utrobin created one of the most beautiful success stories associated with the Far East Hectare project. From the top manager of the Far East department of the Sportmaster chain of stores, he turned into a modern exemplary farmer. He took a hectare in a convenient place - 50 km from Khabarovsk. Therefore, it was not necessary to spend money on infrastructure - roads, conducting electricity from scratch. Mikhail won a grant for farmers, and since 2017 he has managed to create his own brand of dairy products Morning on the Farm. The Utrobins have no other sources of income other than a hectare.

Since December last year, he has gone into plus (it took a year and two months from the start of doing business). The farmer sells products by subscription via Instagram, bypassing all retail chains. To solve the lack of land, Utrobin plans to create a cooperative by inviting friendly farmers and other entrepreneurs. This, in his opinion, is a much more profitable solution than developing a hectare alone.

Back in 2017, Yuri Trutnev also recognized the single acquisition of hectares as unprofitable, calling the most economically justified registration by a team of 20 people or more.

Mikhail said that he is a member of the public organization “We are hectare workers” and every week he receives three or four requests from people who would like to take free land. For paying for gasoline, he is ready to help hectare owners check whether it is worth choosing the hectares they planned by looking at the map online. Mikhail goes to the indicated hectare, looks at the condition of the roads and land, and informs the potential hectare worker.

According to Utrobin, most of the calls come about the installation of electricity and water, but here the hectare owner is powerless. He advises future applicants for land to first decide on the type of activity (although by law this can be done a year after a hectare is taken) and unite in agglomerations, since single appeals to officials are ineffective, but so far he does not see examples of such associations among hectare owners .

However, the Human Capital Development Agency reported that money is being allocated for infrastructure. True, not in all regions: in the Khabarovsk Territory - 319 million rubles. and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) - 82.1 million rubles. The planned completion date for the work under the contracts is 2019.

The agency said that it is considering the possibility of providing infrastructure facilities to 25 priority agglomerations (more than 4,169 compactly located land plots with an area of ​​6,222 hectares) in the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District - 230.5 km (181.7 km of roads, 48.8 km of power lines). The amount of financing will amount to 4.7 billion rubles.

Successful project with a written undertaking not to leave

Three years ago, Sergei Kurechko created a winery on the Far Eastern hectare. Telling the background of his land development, he mentions that he received a hectare only a year and a half after submitting the application after "all sorts of agreements and adjustments."

“In 2016, the regional land committee was also involved in issuing hectares. They forgot about us and lost our documents, they made fun of us, as they could, with hunting grounds,” recalls Kurechko (hunting grounds do not fall under the hectare law, but only those that are protected by the owners who filed a statement about this).

According to Kurechko, he did not receive any benefits or subsidies under the project. “The peasant is on the ground, and he has no time to run hundreds of kilometers from office to office. In addition, the attitude of officials responsible for the economic and social development of the territory discourages any desire to meet with them. None of them asked, "How can I help you?" They have different priorities: "Did you get permission? Did you pay taxes?" he said.

Later, two more hectares were added to the main plot, taken for relatives. On one Kurechko creates a garden and a vineyard, the other plans to improve the theme park for guests. Since its opening, hundreds of tourists have visited the farm every week. Local authorities called it "an interesting and popular holiday destination." Two years later, Kurechko was accused of running a business without a license to produce alcohol. One of the most successful hectare workers in the eyes of the media and the authorities became a defendant under the article on illegal entrepreneurship. Kurechko himself believes that he was accused because of a conflict with local authorities.

According to the farmer-winemaker, he is now corresponding with Rosalkogolregulirovanie to clarify the requirements for obtaining a license, which he is accused of lacking. “We already knew that it was too early for us to apply for a permit. Everything depends on the presence of a fruitful vineyard. We are still working on this. Grapes don't grow in a year." This is a prerequisite for obtaining a wine-growing license, and now Kurechko produces wines from local wild plants.

Kurechko hopes that the Duma will consider the proposal of winemakers to simplify the circulation of wine products. At the moment, the process of obtaining a license for winemaking in Russia is one of the most difficult in the world. Now the farmer is creating a vineyard and building a building for the winery. According to him, his passion for winemaking has not yet turned into a business and does not bring profit, despite the presence of guest houses on the site and guided tours.

Assessing the initiative to allocate a hectare, even the successful project participants (Utrobin, Pozdnyakova, Kurechko) agree that most people take it unconsciously, without understanding whether they can live and work on this land.

“I think this is a good help for those who already live in the Far East, although there are many dissatisfied ones,” says Daria Pozdnyakova. She refused to communicate with almost all hectare workers and applicants for a hectare, since people who wrote to her repeatedly accused the girl of having seized everything, bought it, and she came to "everything is ready."

Sergei Kurechko

Winery owner

People who want to acquire a hectare write to me, and in their messages one can feel the desire to work on the land and a complete misunderstanding of the realities. Citizens consider life on a hectare as a trip to the supermarket: come and buy. On earth, things are different. Here you have to learn to live from scratch. The life support of the family, the income side - these are not idle questions. You can spend some time in the clearing, but nothing will appear by itself. I think that "DV-hectare" is still a good tool, and, oddly enough, it lacks the PR that it had at first. There is a feeling that the initiative is being forgotten. I am not deprived of the attention of journalists, but I see how little attention is paid to this. My hectare is located in an agglomeration of a thousand hectares, but most of the hectare owners simply pointed their finger at the sky, taking plots there. On October 1, it will be three years since the receipt of a hectare, and there is no progress in terms of infrastructure in the agglomeration.

Far Eastern tourism

But there are those for whom the lack of infrastructure is only to help. Narek Hovhannisyan took his hectares to organize "wild" tourism. He plans to use one of the hectares, which is an island, as a venue for the "Robinsonade", on other hectares - to conduct entertaining quests. The cost of such a holiday will not exceed 30,000 rubles - such an amount, according to the owner of a hectare, a Russian vacationer is ready to spend, taking into account the road to the Far East. Narek, who works extensively with China, says that ecotourism is especially in demand among residents of China and Japan, where environmental problems are now. But even among Russians there is a demand for such entertainment: since the launch of the project website, more than 3,000 applications have been received. In August, the first tourists will visit the island.

According to Narek, he did not ask the authorities for money to develop a hectare - both because he practically does not need infrastructure, and because he himself wants to invest in the Far East. Narek and his partners organized a committee for the development of tourism in the Far East in the public organization “We are hectare workers”, more than a hundred hectare workers became interested in his tourism initiative. They are also ready to provide their hectare for quests.

According to Hovhannisyan, the program is beneficial specifically for tourism activities, as it does not require any costs: for example, camping can be organized for 100,000 rubles. According to the hectare owner, the project is able to draw the attention of Russians to the Far East, but later: people should see the results and examples of how a hectare has begun to bring real profit to its owners.

Success stories in the future

The website of the project “To the Far East.rf” has a section “Success Stories”, however, most of these stories contain future projects: “Vladimir will build a farm”, “Svetlana plans to open a farm”.

About some projects that were written about in the media as successful, it was not possible to find out any information. Media projects about Hektar were also not successful: journalist, creator of the media “Takie Dela” Mitya Aleshkovsky, founder of the LavkaLavka eco-shop, together with Lentach, launched a YouTube series, where they told how the Far East Hectare is being developed in the Jewish Autonomous Region. But after the end of the first season of the series, Aleshkovsky wrote on Facebook that the sponsor for the second season of the series about a hectare had not been found, and did not address this topic again. Aleshkovsky and Akimov did not answer questions from the Sekret Firmy journalist.

So, for example, nothing is known about the construction of the only shiitake mushroom farm in Russia, its owner also does not report on the development of the project and does not get in touch. It was not possible to contact him with the help of the Agency for the Development of Human Capital in the Far East. It is difficult to find information about the winners of the competition for the best hectare development project. One of them is a Japanese-style tourist base. Booking.com says it costs 63,000 per night to rent a room, but the hostel is currently unavailable for rent.

According to the author of the project, Yulia Yanina, it was not possible to open the tourist base for visitors in 2017. Construction is now completed, but everything rests on the lack of electricity. The base runs on a diesel generator, which, firstly, costs the owners of a tourist hectare hundreds of thousands of rubles, and secondly, with its noise it will scare away any tourist, especially those who came to the base to be in silence.

“We wanted the only measure of support from the state - to help us with electricity. The Russian Railways company, which is engaged in this, included us in the program in 2017, at the beginning of 2018, according to them, the entire budget had already been distributed. They promised to connect us in 2019, but nothing happened in half a year, ”says Yulia.

She does not believe in the prospects of the Far East Hectare project. According to her, "hectare workers are not needed by anyone." For example, for winning the Star of the Far East competition with the best development project for a hectare, Yulia received only a framed diploma.

Vladimir Stolyarov, who is building a domed house on his hectare, has also been featured in the media on several occasions and jokes that journalists turn to him much more often than investors. So far, there is only a residential building on the site, but it has not been possible to launch a full-fledged farm: there is no electricity. Vladimir says that this year, after amendments to the law, the cost of conducting electricity has fallen: instead of 2 million, only 20,000 have to be paid. However, there is still no electricity promised by JSC Far Eastern Distribution Grid Company.

According to Stolyarov, not one of his hectare owners was able to deal with the infrastructure. But the farmer is not inclined to criticize the DV-hectare project.

Since the beginning of this year, Russians have received the right to receive free land in the Far East for various purposes, including for doing business, working for themselves or just for living, in general - for development. In the future, the Far Eastern Hectare program will contribute to the active settlement of the territory.

Key conditions of the program and law

Federal Law No. 119-FZ, which provided for the terms of the program for the settlement of the Far East and the development of local infrastructure, was signed on May 1, 2016. Among the people, he received the name of the law on the Far Eastern hectare.

Initially, only local residents could receive land in their areas for development, but since February 1, such permission was given to all citizens of the country. As of September 2017, more than 100 thousand people used their right, and about 27 thousand applicants have already received their allotment.

The total number of areas planned to be distributed exceeds 130,000 hectares, so that there will be enough plots for literally every inhabitant of the country. The program will run until 2035.

Its most important conditions are:

• The maximum area for development is 1 ha;
• When combining several citizens who are not necessarily related by kinship, an area of ​​\u200b\u200bmaximum 10 hectares can be obtained;
• The size of the allotment may be less than the established norm, the area, configuration and location of the plot is determined by the applicant himself;
• The distribution of land is done online on an interactive map on the official website.
• Land allocation is completely free.

In addition, there are methods of social support - for example, the applicant can be compensated for moving expenses or be provided with a preferential mortgage for a comfortable start of construction and development of the site.

Learn more about the Far Eastern Hectare program

Who and where can get land

In accordance with the provisions of the Far Eastern Hectare promotion, the following can claim their land plot:

• Russian citizens;
• Foreigners participating in the program "Resettlement of compatriots";
• Associations consisting of several citizens of the Russian Federation or immigrants.

Important: under the terms of the law, until February 1, only residents of the Far East with a residence permit in the region could apply for a hectare. After February 1, this requirement is not presented.

The site is provided to a resident of the Russian Federation only once in a lifetime. If he applied, but died, then this right passes to the heirs, while they can also issue allotments for themselves. Legal entities, residents of foreign countries, stateless persons cannot apply for the Far Eastern hectare.

Currently, it is possible to apply for a free site for development only in a limited number of areas, for example, in the Khankaisky Primorsky Territory and the Amursky Khabarovsk Region. A complete list of available territories will be indicated when filling out an application on the official website of the program.

From October 1, it will be possible to apply for a Far Eastern hectare in any region, without geographic reference. The exceptions are:

• Plots already owned by legal entities or individuals;
• Municipal lands;
• Reserved and protected areas;
• Areas of strategic importance.

Also, allotments should be at a distance of more than:

• 10 km from the nearest settlement, where more than 50 thousand people live;
• 20 km from the city with a population of over 300 thousand people.

All areas where you can apply for land will be marked on an interactive map on the official website of the program when filling out the questionnaire. Under the terms of the law, there are two options:

• The settler will choose a ready-made plot with an existing cadastral number (then, when applying for participation in the Far Eastern hectare, it will be enough for him to indicate the number of the plot);
• The migrant can independently mark the territory of the future site directly on the online map and submit an application with a drawn up plan.

In the latter case, the cadastral number will be assigned according to a simplified methodology, without carrying out, in fact, the cadastral works themselves. However, later, when registering a site as a property or when taking it on a long-term lease, land surveying and all other similar procedures will still have to be carried out.

Use of Far Eastern land

According to the terms of the Far Eastern hectare, it will be necessary to develop the received site. It is produced according to the following algorithm:

• During the first year, you need to decide what you will do with the land (i.e., choose the option of using it - for doing business, organizing private household plots, personal residence, etc.);
• After three years, report to the regulatory authorities whether the site is used for the intended purpose;
• At the end of five years (for forest areas - ten), apply for the purchase of a plot in personal ownership or renting it for 49 years.

Thus, in fact, under the Far Eastern Hectare program, the land is given to the applicant for habitation for 5 or 10 years, if the land is not used for its intended purpose, or the tenant does not want to extend its use, it is withdrawn.

For 5 years, the allotment provided free of charge cannot be sold, donated, pledged or leased to anyone. Also, this site cannot be transferred under any pretext to foreigners and legal entities even after receiving it into ownership. You can sell a plot to another Russian.

Under the terms of the program, the provided land can be used absolutely for any purpose not prohibited by law:

• For the construction of residential buildings;
• To organize any of your business, including self-employment (there is an opportunity to get a preferential loan for the Far Eastern hectare);
• For conducting private household plots;
• For organizing agricultural activities or logging, etc.

The site contains ready-made business plans for organizing a personal business, farms, nurseries, hunting grounds, etc. Local authorities provide businessmen and migrants with comprehensive support, providing tax breaks and other indulgences, and also offer their assistance in adapting to a new place.

Preferential loan for development

The law on the Far Eastern hectare itself does not provide for additional support measures for migrants, however, local authorities understand that you cannot lure new people into a bare place just like that. That is why they offer a lot of measures to help:

• Communications and infrastructure. The President personally ordered that land plots not be given out in the remote taiga, however, in most cases, the nearest settlements are far from the allotments (more than 10 km - according to the requirements of the law). As a rule, there are no access roads and communications to them. Therefore, the regions were obliged to conduct infrastructure to the sites, but on the condition that they are located in close proximity to each other: at least 20 sites should be located nearby.
• Obtaining a loan for the development of the Far Eastern hectare. Thus, the Agency for the Development of the Far East, together with Post Bank, developed a special program. In accordance with it, a Far East citizen can receive a loan for the purchase of equipment, building materials, machinery, etc. The rate is from 8.5% per annum, the term is up to 10 years, the amount is up to 600 thousand rubles.
• Compensation and tax exemption. Local authorities offer a reduced tax rate, compensation for part of the loan payments, provide materials and equipment at cost, "lifting" for families with children, subsidies for the unemployed who want to start a personal business, etc.
• Regional material capital. Its amount and possibilities of spending depend on the subject. As a rule, it is issued at the birth of the third and subsequent children.
• Housing concessional loan under the Far Eastern Hectare program. The action is carried out jointly with AIZh. Owners of land can take out a mortgage at 4% per annum. Funds are spent on the construction of a private residential building.
• Relocation assistance. Unemployed migrants are compensated for all expenses for moving to a new place of residence, and part of the rent can also be compensated if he finds a job.

A complete list of social support measures is available on the website of the Far Eastern Development Agency: http://www.hcfe.ru/support-measures/ . Each region has its own programs, so if there is a need to receive certain subsidies, for example, a soft loan for the development of the Far Eastern hectare, it is better to find out about the rules for calculating them in advance.

The program has already made it possible to “revive” the region: new enterprises and infrastructure facilities are being built, jobs are being created. Social support measures additionally contribute to attracting new migrants.

How to apply per hectare

To receive a land allotment, you must apply for the Far Eastern hectare on the website of the program nadalniyvostok.rf. In order to log in to the service, you must have a number in the ESIA - the federal identification system. You can get it by going through full verification on the Gosuslugi.ru website.

To apply and receive a plot, you need:

• Go to the site and click on the Select site button;
• Log in to the system using the ESIA number;
• Check the correctness of personal data (they will be automatically imported from the website for the provision of public services);
• Select the type of application in the menu on the left: issue an allotment for collective use or receive a plot for personal use;
• Mark the boundaries of the site on the interactive map or select a ready-made territory suitable for the conditions of the Far Eastern Hectare program (later it can be viewed again in the My site menu);
• Check the automatically generated application and fill in the missing information;
• Send an application to the Agency through the website interface.

You can also download a sample application from the website and send it along with the documents to the authorized body by mail. But this is quite a long time, besides, you will have to certify each paper with a notary, using electronic document management is much easier and faster.

In accordance with the law on the Far Eastern hectare, the application will be considered within 10 working days. Then you will have another 30 days to sign the contract.

You can use an electronic signature. If it is not available, you will have to download the contract, sign it and send it to the Agency by mail (details for sending will be indicated on the contract, they will differ depending on the region).

As soon as the contract is approved, you will need to arrive at the site, select the type of use - and you can already start development.

After three years, it will be necessary to submit a declaration through the website nadalniyvostok.rf to confirm the use of the allotment in accordance with the law.

Conclusion

Thus, the Far East Hectare program is designed to attract settlers to a relatively uninhabited region of Russia. Already now you can take 1 hectare for free use, and after 5 years of successful development - buy or rent. The law does not restrict the use of land - it is allowed to build a house, organize a farm, and use the territory as a business site.

Local authorities offer preferential loans and mortgages, subsidies and tax breaks for new residents of the Far East. To participate in the program, you need to visit the official website, indicate the boundaries of the future site and apply for it. In just a couple of months, it will be possible to move to a new place of residence.

1. Where can I find information on obtaining a "Far Eastern hectare", including on the authorities authorized to provide land plots?

You can get acquainted with the information on the main page of the Federal Information System "To the Far East", specially created for the provision of land.

The information system is located at: https://nadalniyvostok.rf

You can get information on the free Unified Reference Phone of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for the Development of the Far East:

8 800 200 32 51

Employees of the Ministry of Investment and Land and Property Policy of the Territory can also consult by phone:

You can get advice from employees of the administration of the Amur Municipal District by phone:

Also, citizens of the Russian Federation can get acquainted with the relevant information on the official website of the Ministry of Investment and Land and Property Relations of the Territory (Activity / Land Relations):

1. Where can I see a map on which it will be possible to select a land plot?

The map is placed in the information system "To the Far East" at the address on the Internet https://nadalniyvostok.rf

1. How and where to apply for a plot?

The application can be prepared and sent using the information system "To the Far East". Also, the application can be prepared in writing and submitted in person or sent by mail to the authorized body in possession of the requested land. .

1. How long will it take to clear the land?

It may take up to 30 business days for the site to be processed. .

1. Under what conditions can the “Far Eastern hectare” be used?

1) the land plot can be used for the implementation of any activity not prohibited by law:

In accordance with the types of permitted use provided for by the urban planning regulations;

Taking into account the existing restrictions on land rights and the possibility of combining the selected types of permitted use of the land plot with activities carried out on adjacent land plots (in the absence of urban planning regulations);

From the composition of the lands of the forest fund - only for the implementation of the type or types of use of forests, provided for in paragraphs 1 - 14 of part 1 of article 25 of the Forest Code of the Russian Federation;

2) if any requirements are established for the implementation of a certain type of activity, the relevant land plot can be used only if these requirements are observed;

3) in order to carry out excavation, construction, reclamation, and economic works on a land plot, it is not required to conduct a state historical and cultural expertise in relation to this plot;

4) in the case of an adjacent and (or) compact location of the provided plots of 20 or more citizens located within the boundaries of the settlement, or at a distance of no more than twenty kilometers from the settlement, state authorities, local governments assist in the development of the territory of these land plots through construction objects of communal, transport, social infrastructures.

6. Who can get a "Far Eastern hectare"?

Answer: From February 01, 2017, any citizen of the Russian Federation has the right to apply for a land plot.

7. Is it possible to get a land plot in the amount of more than one hectare or less than one hectare?

Answer: One hectare of land is the maximum allowance for one citizen of the Russian Federation.

At the same time, for example, a family of five can claim to receive five hectares (one hectare for each family member - based on an application submitted by family members).

At the same time, since no more than 10 citizens of the Russian Federation can apply with one application, the maximum area of ​​one requested land plot will be no more than 10 hectares of land.

It should be noted that the law also allows the possibility of obtaining a land plot per citizen of the Russian Federation in a smaller amount than one hectare.

8. Where are land plots provided in the region?

Answer: Within the boundaries of all municipal districts of the region.

Please note that the "Far Eastern hectare" is not provided within the boundaries of the urban districts "City of Khabarovsk", "City of Komsomolsk-on-Amur", as well as within the boundaries of a territory with a length of 10 kilometers from the border of Komsomolsk-on-Amur and a territory with a length of 20 kilometers from the border of Khabarovsk.

9. Under what conditions is the "Far Eastern hectare" provided?

Answer: A land plot is presented to a citizen of the Russian Federation once for free use for a period of 5 years, after which this land plot can be leased for up to 49 years or in ownership.

At the same time, a land plot provided to a citizen of the Russian Federation cannot be transferred to a foreign state, an international organization, a foreign citizen, a stateless person, a foreign legal entity and a legal entity in whose authorized capital there is a share of foreign companies, i.e. it is impossible to sell, donate, lease, use, trust, pledge, or make other transactions with a land plot in favor of the above persons.

10. What is the procedure for obtaining land plots for free use?

Answer: To receive a "Far Eastern hectare" citizens of the Russian Federation must submit an application in the prescribed form:

1) on paper (in person or by mail) to state authorities or local governments authorized to provide land plots - the Ministry of Investment and Land and Property Policy of the Territory, the Forestry Department of the Government of the Territory, to local self-government bodies of the Territory in the field (contact information about the authorized bodies is posted in the FIS "To the Far East", on the websites of the authorized bodies);

2) in the form of an electronic document using the FIS "To the Far East" (by authorizing the applicant on the Unified Portal of Public Services (www.gosuslugi.ru).

The application must be accompanied by: a copy of an identity document; land plot allocation scheme (in case of formation of a land plot) formed on a public cadastral map using the FIS "To the Far East" (electronic document) or on a cadastral plan of the territory (paper document).

The authorized body decides to return the application if:

The application does not meet the established requirements (lack of information about the full name, place of residence, SNILS, area of ​​the requested land plot, contact information);

A copy of an identity document is not attached to the application; layout of the land plot (in case of formation of the land plot);

The application was submitted by a person who is not a citizen of the Russian Federation;

More than 10 citizens of the Russian Federation simultaneously applied with one application;

The area of ​​the requested land plot exceeds 1 hectare per citizen of the Russian Federation.

11. For what purposes can the "Far Eastern hectare" be used?

Answer: The land plot can be used for any type of activity not prohibited by the legislation of the Russian Federation, for example, for agriculture (creating a farm, raising livestock, growing vegetables, berries, fruits, processing them, beekeeping), entrepreneurial activities (with the exception of persons replacing state or municipal positions, positions of state or municipal service), use as a garden, garden, cottage, construction of a residential building, utility buildings, structures, structures.

It should be noted that in some cases, for the implementation of the selected type of land use, it is necessary to obtain special permits, licenses, certificates, permits, for example:

1) for the implementation of entrepreneurial activity, state registration of a citizen with a tax authority as an individual entrepreneur will be required;

2) for the construction of capital construction objects (residential house, building, structure, structure) a construction permit will be required;

3) for the harvesting of timber obtained from the use of forests located on the presented land plot, it will be necessary to prepare a forest development project. At the same time, the procedure for the sale of the relevant wood to citizens will be determined by the Government of the Russian Federation;

4) the use of subsoil is possible only if there is a license to carry out the relevant type of activity.

12. What activities can be carried out on a land plot, the intended use of which has not been determined or for which a specific type of its intended use has already been determined?

Answer: The absence of attributing the selected land plot to a certain category of land, as well as the already defined type of permitted use of the land plot, before it is provided for gratuitous use to a citizen, is not an obstacle for a citizen to choose a certain type of permitted use or to select another type of permitted use, respectively. At the same time, a decision to change the permitted type of use of the land plot is not required.

A citizen only needs to send a notification to the authorized body about the type or types of permitted use of such a land plot chosen by him or her.

If the type or types of permitted use of the land plot chosen by the citizen do not correspond to the intended purpose of the category of land to which the land plot belongs, the corresponding change in the category of land is carried out by the cadastral registration authority on the basis of a notification from the authorized body.

A citizen may be denied a change in the type of intended use if the type or types of permitted use of the land plot are not provided for by the urban planning regulations, or if a citizen chooses a type of use not provided for by the Forest Code in relation to forest fund lands.

In this case, the citizen, within three months from the date of receipt of the notice of the impossibility of using the land plot with the selected type of use of the land plot, must choose another, appropriate type of use of the land plot, notifying the authorized body about it.

13. Are the conditions for the use of a land plot located in the territory for which the urban planning regulation has been approved established?

Answer: A citizen can use the site in accordance with any type of permitted activity provided for by the urban planning regulations, no approvals or permits are required.

At the same time, a citizen has the right to use the land plot, including in accordance with the conditionally permitted type of use of the land plot, without obtaining permission and holding public hearings.

14. What can a land plot from the forest fund lands be used for?

Answer: A land plot from the composition of the forest fund lands can be used for:

1) timber harvesting;

2) resin preparations;

3) harvesting and collection of non-timber forest resources;

4) procurement of food forest resources and collection of medicinal plants;

5) implementation of hunting management;

6) farming;

7) implementation of research activities, educational activities;

8) implementation of recreational activities;

9) creation of forest plantations and their exploitation;

10) cultivation of forest fruit, berry, ornamental plants, medicinal plants;

11) performance of works on geological study of subsoil, development of mineral deposits;

12) construction and operation of reservoirs and other artificial water bodies, as well as hydraulic structures;

13) construction, reconstruction, operation of linear facilities;

14) processing of wood and other forest resources.

In case of transfer of a land plot from the composition of the forest fund lands to another category of land - for individual housing construction, personal subsidiary farming, gardening, gardening, dacha farming, peasant (farm) farming, the citizen must be informed to the authorized body about the selected type or types of permitted use of such land.

15. Do I need to report on the use of the received "Far Eastern hectare"?

Answer: Yes, a citizen must, within 3 months after the expiration of 3 years from the date of conclusion of an agreement for the gratuitous use of a land plot, submit to the authorized body a declaration on the use of a land plot (in person or by mail or in electronic form using the FIS "To the Far East").

Failure to submit the declaration within the established period is the basis for an unscheduled inspection of the citizen's compliance with the requirements of land and forest legislation by the federal government bodies exercising land supervision.

If, as a result of this inspection, violations of the land, forest legislation are revealed and the citizen does not eliminate them within the period established by the control body, the authorized body will decide to refuse to provide the citizen with a land plot for ownership or for rent.

16.On what grounds does the contract for the gratuitous use of the site terminate?

1) the death of a citizen who was granted a land plot, and the absence of heirs, or the lack of rights to inheritance, non-acceptance of the inheritance, refusal of the inheritance by the heirs;

2) transfer by a citizen of a land plot into possession and (or) use by foreign citizens, stateless persons, foreign legal entities, international organizations, foreign states;

3) unilateral refusal of a citizen from the contract;

4) improper use of the land plot (in a judicial proceeding);

5) the absence of an application for the provision of a land plot for ownership or lease before the expiration date of the contract for gratuitous use;

6) when identifying existing rights to a land plot previously granted to a citizen or legal entity, whose rights to land were not identified before the conclusion of an agreement for gratuitous use (the procedure is carried out in court).

THEME NEWS:

The government is allocating tens of billions of rubles for the development of the Far East, including under the Far Eastern Hectare program. But there are very few people who want to come and start a business here. Leasing land to the Chinese is also not an option. As a result, the outflow of the population to the "mainland" continues, the region is becoming empty.

Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev on Monday, May 6, ordered to allocate an additional 1 billion rubles to support agribusiness in the Far East. Eleven Far Eastern regions will receive this money within three years. This year - 360.3 million rubles, next - 338.1 million and another 370.2 million - in 2021.

Officials allocate these funds within the framework of the federal project "Creating a Support System for Farmers and the Development of Rural Cooperation" and the national project "Small and Medium Enterprises and Support for Individual Entrepreneurial Initiatives."

A billion is not much. Especially when it comes to regional distribution. For example, Kamchatka Krai will receive 39.8 million rubles this year, Primorye - 96.5 million rubles, is specified on the official website of the Agency for the Development of Human Capital in the Far East (it is a structure of the Ministry for the Development of the Far East and the Arctic - Gazeta.Ru) ).

Most of the money will be given to the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) - 287.2 million rubles. And the Magadan region, for example, will have only 26.5 million rubles.

But in fact, a billion is only a small part of the truly gigantic injections into the Far East region, directed from the federal center.

According to the Ministry of Finance, from the state budget for 2019 and the period up to 2020-2022. it is planned to allocate 123 billion rubles for the development of the Far Eastern Federal District. Of these, 45.3 billion this year.

A significant part of these funds is somehow connected with the implementation of the program for the revival of the Far East, turning this region into a territory of advanced development and breaking the trend towards the outflow of the population from the outskirts of the empire to the “mainland”.

Free of charge, that is, for nothing

Under this idea, three years ago, at the suggestion of Plenipotentiary Yuri Trutnev, the president approved, among other initiatives, the Far Eastern hectare program. According to the law, land within 1 hectare is provided for 5 years on the basis of a gratuitous use agreement. After a five-year period, a developed hectare can be registered as a property or a long-term lease.

At first, a hectare was given out only to locals, and at the same time there was a small amount of “lifting” money for moving and arranging on the spot. There were almost no people wishing to resettle, and the DV-hectare program was liberalized as much as possible. And added monetary incentives. Including subsidies and preferential loans for starting a business, for the purchase of building materials for housing construction. IDPs are given grants from Beginner Farmer, Agrostartup, etc. Compensations are paid for the purchase of agricultural machinery, equipment, mobile shopping facilities.

Nevertheless, the program stalled already in the second year after the start in 2016. Even the Russians do not want to take subsidies. “From the start of the program (until January 2019), about 1.8 thousand recipients of the“ Far Eastern hectares ”in the amount of 523 million rubles took advantage of state support measures,” Gazeta.Ru was specified at the Human Capital Development Agency.

Now about 188 million hectares have been cut for free distribution of land to people. But since the beginning of the program, only 67,803 citizens of the Russian Federation have taken advantage of it.

The department is still considering 5.4 thousand applications, according to which a positive decision was made on the provision of land.

Lobster business plan

In total, the Far Eastern hectare was in demand for 73,000 Russians.

The largest number of applications for the "Far Eastern hectare" came from the Far East themselves - 83%.

“Among residents of the non-Far Eastern regions, a free hectare is most popular with Muscovites and residents of the Moscow Region. They receive every fourth application from the total number of recipients of "hectares" from the non-Far Eastern regions," the agency said.

Moreover, some of them are new owners of a hectare, having taken the land until they decided what they would do with it.

There are not so many options for starting a business. Build a greenhouse to grow vegetables or strawberries, plant soybeans. Plenipotentiary Yuri Trutnev himself, in an interview with Gazeta.Ru, said earlier that he would gladly undertake to grow aquaculture (scallops, lobsters, fish), if it were compatible with the civil service.

Another common business idea is to open a travel company. But there's a problem. And this is not money, but the archaism of the current legislation.

“I believe that interest in it (in the Far Eastern hectare) on the part of potential recipients has decreased. For all the time in Magadan, about 160 contracts for the provision of land have been concluded, ”Viktor Barinov, deputy chairman of the Magadan City Duma, quotes MagadanMedia.

According to him, most of the land plots are used "not for the creation of a new business, but for the needs of housing construction." That is, part of the visitors are ready to build a house here and live off the farm. Only about half (46%) of the participants in the Far East Hectare program plan to use the received land for various types of business activities.

According to the city official, the reason for the low interest in the Far Eastern hectare is that the needs of Kolyma residents do not correspond to the possibilities of using land. Not everyone wants to work on the land, engage in agriculture. Approximately 11% of contracts with migrants are concluded for engaging in "tourist and recreational activities."

The Magadan region could become a tourism center no less popular than Kamchatka with its volcanoes and hot springs, Barinov believes. But for this it is necessary to change the legislation so that it would be possible to obtain specific areas on the banks of reservoirs. But it is precisely such sites - on the banks of rivers or lakes, which are the most demanded resource for the tourist industry - that, according to Russian laws, cannot be registered as property.

A real estate object created on a leased plot cannot be insured, and, as a result, it is impossible to take a loan against it for the development of an enterprise. As a result, tourism does not develop.

Be afraid of the Chinese, do not go into the forest

Now a resonant idea is being discussed in the Far East - to lease to foreign farmers up to a million hectares of agricultural land in the region.

Far Eastern lands could be opened to foreign investors, and Russia is counting mainly on demand from the Chinese.

Chinese citizens could grow soybeans, wheat and potatoes here. But opponents of this idea make a classic argument: it is dangerous to let the Chinese on Russian soil. They will rapaciously exploit the land and create an ecological problem.

The authorities do not support the idea of ​​renting a hectare to foreigners.

“Only Russians can get a “Far Eastern hectare” in their ownership. The law on the "Far Eastern hectare" excludes the possibility of obtaining ownership of land plots by foreign citizens. The assignment of the “Far Eastern hectare” to foreigners is also impossible, ”the Agency for the Development of Human Capital explained to Gazeta.Ru.

Up to five years, the site is in free lease, but even after the five-year period of land development, when the site becomes the property, its sale to foreigners or stateless persons, foreign legal entities is prohibited by law. It is impossible to allocate a hectare to those legal entities in the authorized (share) capital of which there is a share of a foreign state, international organization, foreign citizens, foreign legal entities.

At the same time, the ultimate goal of all federal programs deployed in the Far East is to create favorable and comfortable conditions for citizens, the Agency notes.

The Russians are fleeing from the Far East, but the Chinese are not given land. As a result, the Far East is empty. The agency, designed to develop human capital, simply fixes a well-known problem: "Despite the efforts made, it has not yet been possible to stop the outflow of the population from the Far Eastern District."

“Decisions have been made, but there is still an outflow. The figures are different for different regions, we have not been able to completely reverse this trend, and this worries us very much,” the prime minister said.

At the end of 2017, the number of people who left the Far Eastern Federal District within the old borders (excluding Buryatia and Transbaikalia) amounted to 16 thousand people, according to the results of 2018 - even more, 22 thousand people. For a district of 8 million, this is a lot.

What you need to know about the "Far Eastern hectare"?

On June 1, something began in the Far East that had not happened in Russia since the time of Pyotr Stolypin - the distribution of free land to the population per hectare per person. With an unprecedented step in the recent history of the country, the federal center intends to change the unfavorable demographic situation in the eastern outskirts and accelerate their exploration and development. As conceived by the initiators, the project "Far Eastern hectare" should become another impetus for the country's turn to the East - a new geopolitical landmark for Russia.

In the Sakhalin region, they decided to speed up this process, and from October 1, obtaining a hectare on the territory of the entire region became available to its residents.

To whom and when will the land be given?

Law on the "Far Eastern Hectare" (FZ No. 119 dated May 1, 2016 "On the Peculiarities of Providing Citizens with Land Plots in State or Municipal Ownership and Located on the Territories of the Subjects of the Russian Federation that Are Part of the Far Eastern Federal District, and on Amendments to Certain Legislative acts of the Russian Federation") was developed in order to attract new people to these sparsely populated regions. Mobile, enterprising, hardworking - a lazy person will not move from his familiar place.

Land allotments in the Far East will be available to all citizens of Russia, regardless of age and place of registration from February 1, 2017. From this day on, any Russian will be able to get a free land plot in the Far East with an area of ​​no more than 1 hectare. For the Far East, a separate preference is provided: they can apply for land from June 1, 2016. True, so far it is possible to choose an allotment only in one of the municipalities of each region, chosen by the local authorities as a pilot one. From October 1, 2016, residents of the Far East will be able to apply for a site already throughout the entire territory of the Far Eastern Federal District.

From October 1, a land plot of up to 1 hectare on the territory of the Sakhalin Region can be obtained by any registered resident of the island region.

How much land will they give?

The law provides for a one-time provision of a land plot in the Far East at the rate of 1 hectare per person. You can get a smaller plot. There is a variant of the so-called group acquisition of land. For example, several Russians at once, regardless of kinship, can unite and receive one land plot for joint activities at the rate of a hectare per person.

Hectares provided within the city must comply with approved regulations governing the type of land use. Accordingly, within Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, it is impossible to obtain a plot of more than 25 acres.

A citizen who has reached the age of 14 and already has a passport can become the owner of a land plot. It is allowed to represent the interests of another person by proxy giving the right to do so.

Where and what land?

A free hectare will be available from February 1 in any of the nine regions of the Far East. This could be any location where land granting is not prohibited and the selected site is no longer owned or leased. People will have the opportunity to choose a site where they really want to live and work.

It will not be possible to take an allotment on lands limited in economic circulation - nature reserves, national parks, defense and security lands reserved for state needs, etc. They will not fall under the distribution of lands, in the bowels of which there are natural resources.

It will not be possible to get a hectare in large cities - in Vladivostok and Khabarovsk, as well as 20 kilometers around them. They will not distribute land in regional centers and 10 kilometers around them - Magadan, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Yakutsk, Blagoveshchensk and Birobidzhan. The same restrictions will apply to Arseniev, Artem, Nakhodka, Ussuriysk, Belogorsk, Svobodny, Komsomolsk-on-Amur and Neryungri. However, if there are rural settlements within a radius of 10-20 km around these cities, then it will be possible to get a free hectare within them.

To test the mechanism for issuing land from June 1, 2016, free hectares can be obtained only in one municipality of each subject of the Far East. In the Sakhalin region, this was the Tymovsky district. From October 1, you can get a hectare on the territory in all municipalities of Sakhalin.

For how long will the land be issued?

First for five years. This will be free use. The citizen who received the plot will not pay rent and land tax during this period. In five years, the person who took the land will have to master it as he sees fit. It should be real development, which can be assessed. That is, if in five years the newly-minted owner of a hectare only mows the grass on it and puts posts, this will not be considered development.

Already after three years, the user of the land plot is obliged to report to the authorized body on the use of the land plot by filing a declaration.

After five years, a citizen will be able to apply to the state for registration of land ownership. Those who confirm the development of the allocated land will be given it free of charge. If desired, it will be possible to remain a land tenant, but after the “trial” period has expired, the state will have to pay rent. The only exception will be the lands of the forest fund, which can be transferred into ownership only after 10 years of leasing a forest plot, provided that they have been developed.

For what purposes can land be taken?

For any, not prohibited by the laws of the Russian Federation. On the received plot, you can organize a business, build a house or a farm, plant a garden, etc. The main thing is that the land be used and benefit the citizen and his family. If the land is idle, then it can be withdrawn.

Also, it all depends on the purpose of the land received. If these are agricultural lands, then it is no longer possible to build a plant. If for low-rise construction, then it will also be impossible to build a farm, etc.

What will be required to get a "Far Eastern hectare"?

The first and most important thing is Russian citizenship. According to the law, citizens of other states cannot receive and buy these lands. Naturally, a person must have a desire to live and work in the Far East, using the received hectare, as well as opportunities for its development. Abruptly changing the place of residence is a very difficult test. A person must have financial opportunities to move to the region, to improve the received site.

To obtain a hectare on the territory of the Sakhalin Region from October 1 to February 1, registration in the region will be required.

Are there any restrictions?

Yes, I have. The plot will be issued only once. The received land cannot be transferred, sold or donated to foreign citizens and legal entities. Also, any resale of plots will be limited for some time. The allotment already mastered and received into ownership can be sold, but only to Russian citizens. Otherwise, there are no restrictions.

How to apply for land?

From June 1, 2016, you can select and register a land plot using the specialized website NaFarVostok.rf. There is an interactive map of vacant lots in all subjects of the region. To switch to the card, you will need to register on the portal of public services www.gosuslugi.ru. Map tools will help you select a site, form its boundaries and reserve it for yourself by submitting an application electronically. Within 30 days after that, the land plot is transferred to the citizen for free use.

How much land is in the Far East?

Lots of. The Far East occupies 36% of the territory of Russia. The total area of ​​the region is 616.9 million hectares, of which 614.5 million hectares are owned by the state. Citizens and businesses own 2.38 million hectares of land, 99.6 million hectares are forested, and 28.2 million hectares are used for agricultural purposes. The most attractive for use are 146.8 million hectares of the territory of the Far Eastern Federal District.

The total area of ​​land plots that can be provided within the framework of the law in the Sakhalin Region is 2 million 900 thousand hectares of land.

10

Is there state support for those who have received a hectare?

Directly in the draft law on state assistance to recipients of a hectare, nothing is said. Nevertheless, there is a provision in the law that implies the possibility of support for new settlers by regional and municipal authorities. In addition, it is planned to develop a set of measures to support immigrants at the federal level. A special development institution has already been created - the Agency for the Development of Human Capital in the Far East. It will help people who have the desire and opportunity to move to the Far East, do it, settle down here and adapt to the harsh conditions of life in the region. In addition, the government promises to use all available tools to support the migrants. The preferential mortgage mechanism is being developed by the Ministry for the Development of the Far East and the Agency for Housing Mortgage Lending (AHML).

The regional budget of the Sakhalin Region provides for support measures for recipients of the "Far Eastern hectare". For Sakhalin and Kuril residents, the authorities have provided a number of preferences. They are related to the provision of leasing of small-scale mechanization, reimbursement of interest rates on loans and lease payments, the allocation of grants - in particular, to those who decide to try their hand at agriculture, coastal fishing, fish processing, aquaculture or in the timber industry.