How to determine profit or loss. When is an accounting entry D99 - K09 made

Accounting accounts are designed to record all monetary transactions in them. In this review, 99 Profit and Loss account will be considered in detail. The reader will learn about what functions it performs, whether it can have its own categories, how to work with it and close it. The information is accompanied by examples that help to better understand the topic.

Purpose of account 99

Each company works to achieve the main goal - increasing profits. The financial result is the sum of all income from each type of activity. For or services, you will need to invest money, but how profitable it will be in the reporting period will become known after summarizing all the information on cash costs and receipts. This is what account 99 is intended for, which can reflect:

• increase or decrease in income from the main activity (D90 K99);
• balance of other expenses and income for the reporting period (D91 K99);
• the impact of emergency situations on economic activity (force majeure, accidents);
• accrual of amounts intended for tax calculation (interaction with account 68).

Is it possible to open new sub-accounts?

According to the instructions, the account in question has no categories. The accountant can independently create them, taking into account the requirements of the enterprise (analysis, control, reporting). In this regard, for example, such a system can be introduced:

• 99/1 "Profit or loss from the sale of goods";
• 99/2 "Balances of miscellaneous income (expenses)";
• 99/3 "Unexpected income";
• 99/4 "Unexpected expenses";
• 99/5 "Income Tax";
• 99/6 "Tax Contributions".

The last three sub-accounts may have debit and credit balances. You can also open the category 99/9 "Net profit or loss", which will show the amount of receipts (deductions) received for the reporting period.

Debit correspondence

99 account can interact on debit with different categories:

What can be the wiring

The debit of account 99 reflects the losses of the enterprise for various types of activities. Examples can be seen in the table.

	Damage to installation equipment due to unpredictable events (fire, hurricane, natural disaster, etc.).
	Deferred tax assets are written off.
	The main production costs for canceled orders are charged to losses.
	The amount of VAT on the MC (tangible assets) has been written off.
	Losses in production due to unpredictable events.
	Reflection of costs from marriage.
	Finished product loss.
	Calculation of income tax.
	Damage from canceled orders charged to loss
	Identification of the balance of insurance premiums.
	The amounts intended for deductions to the preventive measures fund have been determined.

Loan correspondence

Account 99 “Profit and Loss” interacts on a loan with the following categories:

• "Materials" (10).
• "Financial transactions with suppliers and contractors" (60).
• "Currency and settlement accounts" (52, 51).
• "Retained earnings" (84).
• "Sale of goods" (90).
• "Shortage and damage from damaged valuables" (94).
• "Reserves for future costs" (96).
• "Special bank accounts" (55).
• "On-farm calculations" (79).
• "Financial transactions with creditors and debtors" (76).
• "Other expenses and income" (91).
• “Settlements with employees for various operations” (73).

Loan operations

The table provides some examples to help you understand what kind of credit transaction account 99 may have, reflecting the profit (income) of the company.

	Identification of excess materials.
	Receipt to the cashier of income from unexpected situations.
	Profit accrual.
	Attribution of the excess amount intended for the repair of fixed assets to the results of the reporting period. Such an exception is provided for in some enterprises.
	Reflection of the financial result from intermediary activities (the credit of account 99 characterizes income).
	Write-off of profits from the main activities of the organization.
	Identification of balances of insurance reserves.
	The closing entry of the last month in the reporting period, which writes off the amount of the net loss.

Features of closing 99 profit and loss accounts

The result of the company's activities in monetary terms is reflected when comparing debit and credit turnover. In this regard, it is required to close some accounting accounts (99, 90, 91). In the conditions of modern production, it is very important to correctly determine and economically justify the procedure in question. For the competent performance of tasks, a specialist must be guided by a special rule. First of all, you should close the accounts of industries and companies with the largest number of customers receiving the least number of counter services, and in the opposite situation - in the last (maximum services and minimum buyers).

The sequence of closing 99 accounts

The operation in question is carried out according to the following algorithm:

1. Closing of account 90 "Sales of products". Comparing income and expenses from sales, you can form the final result from the main activities of the company. At the end of the year, the debit reflects the goods sold, taking into account all costs. The amount of the sale is formed on the loan. The final value is equal to the difference between the balances on the credit and debit of accounts 90 and 90/3 "VAT". If the debit balance is greater than the credit, make the following posting: D99 K90 (loss), otherwise - D90 K99 (profit).
2. You should carry out the same operations as in the first stage. In case of negative financial results, posting D91 K99 and D99 K91 are posted in case of positive ones.
3. Thus, the closing of account 99 is carried out last. The result, which was formed when comparing the debit and credit balances of accounts 90 and 91, is retained earnings remaining at the disposal of the organization, or an uncovered loss. The results are credited or debited to account 84.

The final completion of the procedure is carried out by gradually winding down distribution and expenditure accounts. This allows you to create a preliminary working balance that reflects the real financial situation of the organization.

Knowing all the distinctive features that account 99 "Profit and Loss" has, young professionals will be able to understand all the features of accounting. Do not forget about PBU, as well as legal reference systems, without which the legal activity of enterprises is impossible.

Account 99 of accounting is an active-passive account "Profit and Loss". Designed for the accumulation and generalization of information on the formation of the financial result of the economic activity of the enterprise during the year. With the help of typical postings and practical examples for dummies, we will consider the specifics of using account 99, as well as the procedure for reflecting profit (loss) on account 99.

The name of the account clearly indicates its purpose: the account is used to accumulate and reflect the final financial result. The credit of the account reflects profits and incomes, the debit - losses and expenses.

In general, the structure of account 99 can be represented by the diagram:

Throughout the year, the account reflects:

• profits (losses) on ordinary activities - in correspondence with account 90;
• profits (losses) on other activities - in correspondence with 91 accounts;
• amounts of accrued conditional income (expense) for income tax;
• the amount of permanent liabilities and accrued payments, penalties, penalties, etc.

Schematically, the movements in the account can be reflected in the following form:

Extraordinary incomes (expenses) are the receipts (expenditure) of funds associated with unplanned events. For example, insurance indemnity receipts, losses due to natural disasters and emergencies, etc.

At the end of the reporting year, account 99 is closed to account 84 “Retained earnings (loss)”, and there is no balance left on it. Profit will be reflected by posting Dt 99 - Kt 84, loss Dt 84 - Kt 99.

Account 99 corresponds with accounts:

Posting Dt 99 - Kt 09 means the disposal of the object IT, accounted for by Dt 09.

Sub-accounts 99 accounts

The analytics of account 99 should be built taking into account the possibility of generating a Report on the financial results of the enterprise. For these purposes, it is recommended to create main sub-accounts for the account:

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• 99.1 - profits and losses (except for NP);
• 99.2 - income tax;
• 99.3 - extraordinary income (expenses);
• 99.6 - tax sanctions;
• 99.9 - other losses and profits.

At the discretion of the organization, the numbers and purpose of sub-accounts may change. Also, for a more detailed reflection of information, organizations can create sub-accounts of the 3rd or 4th levels for these subaccounts.

According to the current Chart of Accounts, income tax (IT) is charged on account 99 in correspondence with account 68, a sub-account of NP settlements. To do this, separate sub-accounts are created on account 99, most often 99.2 “Income tax”, which can be divided into sub-accounts to reflect conditional income and conditional expense for NP.

The amount of tax accrued to the budget is reflected in the posting Dt 99 - Kt 68.

Posting type Dt 68 - Kt 99 "Conditional income from NP" reflects the loss received in accounting.

Closing 99 accounts

There are several ways to close 99 accounts. But the method using the sub-account 99.9 can be considered methodologically correct. In this case, the total for all sub-accounts 99 is collected on this account, that is, the sub-account can be called a regulatory one.

During the year, when the account is closed monthly, the balance Dm means a loss, the balance Km means profit. Consequently, at the end of the year in correspondence with account 84, the debit balance will mean profit, and the credit balance will mean a loss.

Postings and examples of using 99 accounts

Example 1. Write-off to account 99

Let's say SDM-Project LLC purchased equipment worth 800,000 rubles in December 2014, with a useful life (PI) of 5 years, the depreciation method in BU is the reducing balance method and in NU is linear.

Let's do the calculation. For 2015-2016, the accumulated depreciation amounted to: in accounting - 288,000 rubles, in NU - 320,000 rubles. The amount of VVR amounted to 32,000 rubles, IT is equal to 32,000 * 20% = 6,400 rubles.

In December 2016, the OS was sold. The write-off of SHE during this operation is reflected in the posting:

Example 2. Monthly closing of 99 accounts

Let's assume that Kvadrum 10 LLC in January 2016 rented out property and paid interest on the loan. Renting for the organization is other income, not the main activity. Rent in the amount of 118,000 rubles was accrued, incl. VAT 18 000 rub. The amount of interest paid was 42,000 rubles.

Reflection of operations by postings:

Simultaneously with the closing of the period, the BU reflects the conditional expense for NP. In our case, its amount will be: 58,000 * 20% = 11,600 rubles.

The amount of the accrued tax is reflected in the posting:

Example 3: Closing the year

As of this date, the following amounts are reflected in the accounting records of SPA Active:

1. 90.1 (revenue) - 1,888,000 rubles, incl. VAT 288 000 rub.
2. 90.2 (cost) - 520,000 rubles.
3. 90.3 (VAT) - 288,000 rubles.
4. 90.5 (general expenses) - 115,000 rubles.
5. Kt 90.9 - 965 000 rub.
6. 91.1 (other income) - 210,000 rubles.
7. 91.2 (other expenses) - 230,000 rubles.
8. Dt 91.9 (balance of other income-expenses) - 20,000 rubles.
9. 99.1 (profit and loss) - 640,000 rubles.
10. 99.2 (calculations for NP) - 195,000 rubles.
11. 99.3 (tax sanctions) - 10,000 rubles.

Dt	ct	Operation description	Amount, rub.	Document
90.1	90.9	Closing 90.1	1 888 000	Accounting reference
90.9	90.2	Closing Reflection 90.2	520 000	Accounting reference
90.9	90.3	Closing Reflection 90.3	288 000	Accounting reference
90.9	90.5	Closing Reflection 90.5	115 000	Accounting reference
91.1	91.9	Closing 91.1	210 000	Accounting reference
91.9	91.2	Closing 91.2	230 000	Accounting reference
99.1	99.9	Closing 99.1	640 000	Accounting reference
99.9	99.2	Closing 99.2	195 000	Accounting reference
99.9	99.3	Closing 99.3	10 000	Accounting reference

The actual reformation of the balance sheet is reflected in the posting.

How is the final financial result of the enterprise for the year formed? How are the results summed up? In this article, we will take a closer look at account 99 “Profit and Loss”, why it is needed, and what postings on account 99 are reflected during the year. Accounting for the financial result of the organization shows the effectiveness of the company.

In the last article we analyzed, there I already indicated the connection between the mid. 90 and 99. We also analyzed and saw the connection between the mid. 91 and 99. We go further.

By the way, in the near future we will deal with.

Accounting for the financial result of the enterprise

The financial result for the month is formed using the account. 99.

What is the financial result?

1. financial result for the main activities,
2. other income and expenses.
3. income and expenses associated with emergency situations at the enterprise (fires, natural disasters, etc.).
4. accrued .

By debit 99 losses are reflected, on the loan - profit.

1. When reflecting the financial result for the main activities, account. 99 corresponds with .

Postings to reflect profit and loss from the main activities:

• D90/9 K99- posting to reflect profit from the main activity.
• D99 K90/9- posting to reflect the loss from the main activity.

2. When taking into account other income and expenses, c. 99 corresponds with .

Postings to reflect other income and expenses:

• D91 K99- other incomes are taken into account.
• D99 K91- other expenses included.

3. When accounting for income and expenses associated with emergency situations, c. 99 corresponds to various accounts, .

4. When accounting for accrued income tax payments c. 99 corresponds with .

At the end of the month, the total balance on the account is considered. 99, if the final balance is debit - the organization this month remained at a loss, if credit - in profit.

At the beginning of each month, the balance on account 99 is transferred from the previous month to the current month. Throughout the year, the balance of profits or losses is accumulated on account 99 on an accrual basis. At the end of the year c. 99 closes with final entries on .

Video lesson “Accounting for profit and loss on account 99: typical postings, examples”

In this video lesson, the rules for accounting for account 99 “Profit and Loss” are revealed, the corresponding accounts, standard entries and accounting examples are analyzed. The lesson is conducted by a consultant and expert of the site “Accounting for dummies”, chief accountant Gandeva N.V. ⇓

You can download the slides and presentation for the video from the link below.

Account closing transactions 99

• D99 K84- final financial result - profit.
• D84 K99- final financial result - loss.

At the beginning of next year, 99 is reopened.

As a result, at c. 84 is reflected at the end of the year either profit (on credit) or loss (on debit). Account 84 is used to distribute profits for any needs of the organization, for example, for payments to founders. Also, if earlier on the account. 84 was a loss, then this year's profit can cover the loss of previous years.

This is where we finish with the study of the Fundamentals of Accounting, we analyzed the main business transactions that occur in the enterprise, examined how the final financial result is considered. Before we start compiling accounting and tax reporting, we will analyze taxation: what taxes exist, how they are calculated. I suggest you go to the section Step 2.-.

Account 99 "Profits and losses" is intended to summarize information on the formation of the final financial result of the organization's activities in the reporting year.

The final financial result (net profit or net loss) is made up of the financial result from ordinary activities, as well as other income and expenses. The debit of account 99 "Profits and losses" reflects losses (losses, expenses), and the credit - profits (income) of the organization. Comparison of debit and credit turnover for the reporting period shows the final financial result of the reporting period.

On account 99 "Profits and losses" during the reporting year are reflected:

balance of other income and expenses for the reporting month - in correspondence with score 91"Other income and expenses";

the amount of accrued contingent income tax expense, permanent liabilities and payments for recalculations of this tax from actual profit, as well as the amount of tax sanctions due - in correspondence with score 68"Calculations on taxes and fees".

At the end of the reporting year, when compiling the annual financial statements, account 99 "Profit and Loss" is closed. At the same time, the final entry in December, the amount of net profit (loss) of the reporting year is debited from account 99 "Profit and Loss" on credit (debit) accounts 84"Retained earnings (uncovered loss)".

The construction of analytical accounting for account 99 "Profit and Loss" should provide the formation of the data necessary for compiling a profit and loss statement.

Account 99 "Profit and loss"
corresponds with accounts

by debit

on credit

01 Fixed assets 03 Profitable investments in material assets 07 Equipment for installation 08 Investments in non-current assets 10 Materials 11 Raised and fattened animals 16 Deviation in the value of material assets 19 Value added tax on acquired valuables 20 Main production 21 Semi-finished products of own production 23 Ancillary industries 25 General production expenses 26 General business 28 Manufacturing defects 29 Service 41 Items 43 Finished products 44 Selling expenses 45 Goods shipped 50 Checkout 51 Settlement accounts 52 Currency accounts 58 Financial investments 68 Calculations for taxes and fees 69 Social security payments 70 Settlements with personnel for 71 Settlements with accountable 73 Settlements with personnel for 76 Settlements with different 79 On-farm 84 Retained earnings 90 Sales 91 Other income and expenses 97 Deferred expenses

10 Materials 50 Checkout 51 Settlement accounts 52 Currency accounts 55 Special bank accounts 60 Settlements with suppliers and contractors 73 Settlements with personnel for other transactions 76 Settlements with various debtors and creditors 79 On-farm settlements 84 Retained earnings (uncovered loss) 90 Sales 91 Other income and expenses 94 Shortfalls and losses from damage to valuables 96 Provisions for future expenses Production and household expenses Insurance and ensuring payment of labor by persons Other operations Debtors and creditors Settlements (uncovered loss)

Chart of accounts application: account 99

• How to reflect in the accounting penalties and fines for late payment of insurance premiums?

  Account 99 "Profits and losses" during the reporting year are reflected along with profits and losses ... statements of the annual report are reflected in account 99 "Profits and losses" in correspondence with ... account 69. At the same time, according to paragraph ... s Regulation N 34n and the Instruction - on account 99 "Profit and Loss", either in accordance with the Recommendation, or on account 91 ...

• On which account (91 or 99) should sanctions for violation of tax laws be reflected?

  Account 99 "Profits and losses" in correspondence with account 68 "Calculations on taxes and ... account 99 "Profits and losses" in correspondence with account 68 "Calculations on taxes and ... minus those due from profits established in accordance with ... application (hereinafter referred to as the Chart of Accounts and Instructions) approved by order of the Ministry of Finance ... account 99 "Profit and Loss" in correspondence with account 68 "Calculations for taxes and ... accounting procedure (on account 91 or account 99) economic subjects...

• Deferred tax asset from the loss of a consolidated group of taxpayers

  The corresponding CGT member on account 99 “Profit and Loss” in correspondence with account 78 “Settlements with...) and is taken into account when determining the net profit (loss) of the organization (not participating in the formation of profit (loss) of the organization ... before tax). 5. Information on balances on account 78 ... the tax base of the CGT, is written off to account 99 "Profit and Loss" in the reporting period preceding the period ...

• Advance income tax payments. Examples

  The result is reflected in account 99 "Profit and loss". The specified account also reflects amounts ... from the amount of accounting profit received for the reporting period and the current tax rate ...). Further, regardless of the amount of taxable profit (loss), the organization’s accounting records ... profit determined on the basis of accounting profit (loss) and recognized for the purposes of PBU 18 ... in accounting on the debit of account 99 "Profit and Losses" ( sub-account...

• Reflection in accounting of fines for violation of tax laws

  Account 99 "Profits and losses" in correspondence with account 68 "Calculations for taxes and ... period, minus those due from profits established in accordance with the law ... for its application (hereinafter referred to as the Chart of Accounts and Instructions), approved by order The Ministry of Finance of Russia ... account 99 "Profit and Loss" in correspondence with account 68 "Tax calculations and ... a specific accounting procedure (on account 91 or account 99) is recommended to economic entities independently ...

• Reporting for 2016: how to correctly take into account the annual clarifications of the Ministry of Finance

  Profit, it is reflected in the debit of account 99 “Profits and losses” and credit 96 “Reserves for future expenses ... etc.), as well as tax sanctions on them are reflected in the debit of account 99 “Profits and losses ...”. Fines and penalties paid by the taxpayer or ... are reflected in the expense accounts, account 99 is not used. Accordingly, in the report on ... profit for social purposes, the development of production, etc. does not change the balance of the account ...

• The procedure for transferring an organization from a JSC to an LLC on a simplified system: the nuances of accounting and taxation

  Separate) book of income and expenses of organizations and individual entrepreneurs using the simplified tax system ... profit and loss accounts and distribution (direction) based on the decision of the founders of the amount of net profit .... That is, the JSC closes account 99 "Profit and Losses", ... distributes, based on the decision of the founders, the amounts of net profit and ... in the book of income and expenses of organizations and individual entrepreneurs using ...

• Accounting for factoring companies that attract external financing

  Providing financing services to Clients at the expense of Investors. OSNO - classic ... as of the date of accounting for the goods and receipt of the invoice 68 / VAT (... instruction Balance sheet Account / sub-account Debit Credit Balance ... expenses) 99 (profit and loss) 0 Recognition of income, expenses from ancillary activities 99 (profit and loss) 68/ ... on the date of accounting for the goods and receipt of the invoice 68/VAT (... on the date of accounting for the goods and receipt of the invoice 68/VAT (...

• Correction of significant errors

  The account in the records is the account for accounting for retained earnings (uncovered loss), that is, account 84 “Retained earnings ... “Cost of sales” of account 90; Debit account 99 "Profit and loss", Credit account 90 "Sales", ... "Profit and loss"; Debit of account 84 "Retained earnings (uncovered loss)", Credit of account 99 "Profit and loss" - ... 500,000 rubles. - Adjusted the amount of net profit. B... based on basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share (if...

• Separate accounting of expenses and revenues for the supply of products as part of the execution of the state defense order

  ... (hereinafter - PBU 9/99) and PBU 10/99 "Organization's expenses" ... (hereinafter - PBU 10/99). A specific methodology for maintaining separate accounting ... hereinafter - the Chart of Accounts)). Based on the Chart of Accounts overhead and commercial expenses of trading ... (clause 21 PBU 4/99 "Accounting statements of the organization" ... (hereinafter - PBU 4/99)). Income and expenses of the organization are reflected in ... RAS 4/99). A more detailed specification of income and expenses is made ... different from the general procedure for accounting for profit and loss. For example, maintaining a separate ...

• Accounting rules for "babies" and NPOs are simplified

  Period 99 “Profit or Loss” (90 “Sales” - when using such an account) 20 (other accounts) Pay ... directly related to the acquisition, construction and manufacture of an item of property, plant and equipment, are included ... household inventory at a time in ... accounts 20 (other accounts for accounting for production costs - when used) and a credit of accounts ... settlements with counterparties, payroll personnel, etc. ...

• Imported goods spoiled: how to take into account customs VAT, disposal costs and insurance compensation

  Non-operating income taken into account when taxing profits, the Ministry of Finance of Russia recognizes the possibility of simultaneous ... with paragraph 2 of PBU 9/99 "Income of the organization" ... (hereinafter - PBU 9/99), an increase in economic income is recognized as income of the organization ... (p. 8 PBU 9/99), which are accepted for accounting ... organizations "(hereinafter - PBU 10/99), the organization's expenses are recognized as a decrease in economic ... production stocks, it assumes the attribution of losses to the account of the perpetrators and only in that ...

• Pledge. Accounting and taxation

  In particular, interest, forfeit, compensation for losses caused by delay in performance, and ... losses caused as a result of this event in the insured property (pay ... pledged property when taxing profits. Therefore, there is a risk that ... pledged property when taxing profits in full ... in particular interest, penalties, compensation for damages caused by delay in performance, and ... 99). The cost of materials specified in the pledge agreement and reflected earlier on the off-balance account ...

• Accounting for expenses by their nature and purpose

  Accounting for expenses is regulated by PBU 10/99 "Expenses of the organization". According to p. ... . Paragraph 8 of PBU 10/99 defines the grouping of expenses by ordinary ... a direct instruction in PBU 10/99 to attribute depreciation to ... expenses disclosed expenses financed by state assistance. True, these are not ... rules for classifying expenses. Pursuant to paragraphs 99-105 of IAS 1, “… vary in frequency, potential for profit or loss and predictability. This analysis is...

• Additional capital: formation, use and accounting procedure

  Reassessment of the object of property to the account of accounting for retained earnings (uncovered loss) of the organization upon disposal ... a possible markdown will have to be carried out at the expense of retained earnings. Moreover, it may turn out ... accounting entry on the debit of account 83 and credit of account 02 “Depreciation of fixed assets ... sales as part of final turnover 99 91-9 4 139.91 ... at the expense of authorized capital or profit. According to the author, replenishment and expenditure operations...

Account 99 in accounting is maintained by sub-accounts, depending on the calculations of profit and loss:

• balances on accounts 90 and 91 form the financial result on account 99;
• income tax from account 68.04 is closed to account 99;
• temporary and permanent differences form a conditional income/expense;
• the reformation of the balance sheet closes account 99 for retained earnings (uncovered loss) on account 84.

 

Account 99 "Profits and losses" is characterized as accumulative for positive and negative financial results of economic activity of enterprises.

How is the structure formed?

In accounting, account 99 refers to active-passive, since on a loan you can see generalized information about the profits received, on a debit - all losses incurred as a result of reflected expenses.

Profits and losses are generated by:

• 90 "Sales" - used by companies to reflect income and expenses from the sale of core activities;
• 91 “Other income and expenses” - it accumulates income and expenses from other activities;
• conditional income/expense from the application of the tax is accrued;
• penalties are reflected.

Permanent and deferred tax liabilities and assets take an active part in the formation of the results.

Important point! Score 99 is synthetic. Analytical accounting should be kept without fine detail, grouping the information necessary to generate a report on financial results.

Sub-accounts on which information is collected:

1. 99.01 "Profits and losses from economic activities."
2. 99.02 "Income tax".
3. 99.07 "Other profits and losses".
4. 99.09 "Net profit/loss".

In turn, sub-accounts are subdivided into smaller groups. So, 99.02 is formed as a result of movements:

• 99.02.01 "Contingent income tax expense";
• 99.02.02 "Conditional income from income tax";
• 99.02.03 "Permanent tax liability (asset)";
• 99.02.04 "Recalculation of deferred tax assets and liabilities".

Transfer of income and expenses

Account 99 is an indicator of the final financial result from the company's activities, whether it will be negative or positive, depends on the movements in accounts 90 and 91.

Accounts 90 and 91, according to accounting rules, must be closed monthly, that is, the balance is reset to zero. They are closed with the help of correspondence from 99 accounts.

Account 99 example

The company receives income from the rental of premises. Acts and invoices for rent must be issued on the last day of the month, which is confirmed by the letter of the Department of Tax and Customs Policy of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated June 5, 2018 No. 03-07-09 / 38397.

Therefore, the revenue is finally formed at the end of the month and must be closed immediately to reset the balances to zero. Recordings are being made:

• Dt 62.01 “Settlements with buyers and customers” Kt 90.01 “Revenue” - rent in the amount of 5,000,000 rubles was accrued;
• Dt 90.03 "Value Added Tax" Kt 68.02 "Value Added Tax" - VAT payable in the amount of 18% of the amount of revenue of 762,711.86 rubles is charged;
• Dt 90.02 "Cost" Kt 20 "Main production" - the cost of rent is reduced from the costs incurred in the amount of 3,200,000 rubles.

When comparing the results in the reporting period on sub-account 90.01, a positive credit balance is obtained in the amount of 1,037,288.14 rubles. Account closing posting:

• Dt 90.01 Kt 99.01 in the amount of 1,037,288.14 rubles profit was received from the sale of services.

If the result was a loss, it should be closed to debit 99 of the account.

How is income tax reflected?

In addition to sales, the necessary influence on the formation of 99 accounts is exerted by income tax. Unlike accounting, tax accounting may or may not accept certain incomes and expenses for taxation purposes. Differences between accounts are called permanent and temporary.

Reference! The differences form deferred tax assets (DTA) or deferred tax liabilities (DLT) depending on who remains in debt as a result of the firm's operation.

If the company's debt to the IFTS is obtained, then ITs begin to arrive, which are recorded on account 77 "Deferred tax liabilities".

The debt of the IFTS to the enterprise obtained as a result of calculations is designed to ensure the reduction of IT. They are recorded on account 09 "Deferred tax assets".

Accounts 09 and 77 correspond with 68.04 " Profit tax", Which must be closed monthly on account 99. In this way, income tax is accrued in accounting and transferred to account 99 for reflection in the income statement. Posting plan:

• Dt 68.04 Kt 77 - tax with IT has been assessed;
• Dt 99 Kt 68.04 - the conditional income tax expense was reduced;
• Dt 09 Kt 68.04 - there was a loss with IT;
• Kt 68.04 Dt 99 - conditional income from the company's losses is accrued.

Why reset the profit and loss totals in accounting?

After all the numbers fall on the 99th account, you need to close it. Regardless of other accounts involved in the formation, account 99 will be reset to zero during the annual balance reformation. All data of the organization with the help of this routine operation will be reflected in the account "Retained earnings (uncovered loss)":

• Dt 99 Kt 84 - net profit received;
• Dt 84 Kt 99 - there was a current loss.

The purpose of operations on account 99 is the plan of the enterprise to see the end of their labors to make a profit. For reporting, it can be used when reconciling with Form No. 2.

Important point! Account 99 in the balance sheet after closing at 84, the result is reflected in special line 1370 in section III "Capital and reserves" of the liability. By subtracting this line from the other lines of the section, a very significant indicator for organizations of any sphere is obtained - net assets, by which one can judge financial stability.

The legal status depends on the current fiscal policy, as the Tax Code is constantly being amended.