Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation

Federal state budgetary

Educational institution of higher education
"Don State Technical University"

"Academy of Construction and Architecture"

(Faculty Name)

Department of construction of unique buildings and structures ____________________

(Chair name)

Explanatory note

2. Architectural and planning solution building 5

2.1 Justification of architectural - planning solution 5

2.2 Description of architectural - planning solution 5

3.1 Heat Engineering Calculation of Outdoor Wall 8

3.2 Soundproofing of premises 10

4. Architectural solution of the facade and exterior decoration 11

5. Interior decoration 12

6. Fire Activities and Evacuation of People 13

7. Engineering equipment 14

8. Environmental Events 16

9. Protection against radioactive radiation 16

10. Basic decisions to ensure the conditions of the life of persons with disabilities and milk Group Population 17.

11. Main building indicators 17

List of used sources 18

1. Architectural and construction solutions

1.1. Initial data

Course project on the topic: "Nine-story monolithic residential building" is designed on the basis of: ............... ..

The tasks issued by the Department of Suzis ASA DGTU;.

SP 131.13330.2012

3.Realous outdoor air temperature

In January

SP 131.13330.2012

4. Increased estimated temperature

SP 131.13330.2012

5. Deligibility of the heating period, day

SP 131.13330.2012

6. The average monthly relative air humidity

In January

SP 131.13330.2012

7.The District

SP 20.13330.2012

8. Processing wind direction:

December-February

For June-August

Eastern

Northeastern

SP 131.13330.2012

9. Regulatory value wind pressure, kp

SP 20.13330.2012

10. Snegova district

SP 20.13330.2012

Table 1.1

11. Estimated value of the weight of snow cover on 1 m2 horizontal surface, kPa		SP 20.13330.2012
12. Annual precipitation, mm		SP 131.13330.2012
13. Seismicity of the construction site - the degree of seismic hazards		SP 131.13330.2012
14. The degree of fire resistance of the building		SP 131.13330.2012
15. Functional fire hazard class		SP 131.13330.2012.
16. Regulatory depth of the primer of the soil, m		SP 131.13330.2012
	SP 131.13330.2012.

Construction site relief - with a smooth height difference in the north-west direction. Underground waters at a depth of 20 m from the daily surface of the soil were not found .....................

1.2 Master Plan Solution

... Plot allotted for the construction of a 9-storey residential building in Rostov-on-Don on Tekuceva Street. The placement of the building is associated with the existing buildings and structures nearby. The site borders from the south, west and north with existing roads.

Plot area - 0.064 hectares. The plot is limited to a number of roads. In the site near the object under construction, engineering networks are laid. Relief area with a smooth transition of heights .. ................

The orientation of the building provides optimal insolation of apartments and a plot, but the building is influenced by the cold winter oriental winds, measures taken to reduce their action on the heat insulation of the building.

Entry to the site is organized with ul. Teucheva. Travel width 6 m. Taking into account the availability of a plot for low-spirited population groups in height at pedestrian sites and in places of paving sidewalks with a carriageway do not exceed 4 cm. From the main entrance, there is a ramp that simplifies the access of small groups of the population into the premises.

Coating the roadway of roads from asphalt concrete, sidewalks and pedestrian paths made of concrete tiles on a sandy base and concrete.

The vertical layout of the site is solved with the current situation. The removal of atmospheric moisture is provided for lawns and driving part of the roads.

In addition to the designed building, a device is envisaged in the designated area of \u200b\u200bchildren and adult recreation sites.

The project of improvement and landscaping provides for a lawn device, planting red-flowing shrubs, deciduous trees (Poplar white, beard birch, ostolic maple) and coniferous (pine, spruce).

For the relative marking of the first floor of the first floor of 0.000, an absolute mark of 78.67 m is adopted. Baltic height system. The horizontal binding of the building is made to the coordinate grid.

Buildings and facilities on the site:

9-storey monolithic residential building;

Based on the NRB 76/87 and OSP 72/87 before the start, in the process and at the end of the construction of the building, it is necessary to carry out constant radiation control of the construction site, and structures, to enter the work of the work of radiation control data for admission to acts for hidden work.

10. Basic decisions to ensure the conditions of vital activity of persons with disabilities and small groups of the population

This section was developed taking into account the joint venture 59.13330.2012 "The availability of buildings and structures for small groups of the population."

For access of persons with disabilities and small groups of the population, a ramp is provided for the first floor. For lifting to the upper floors there is an elevator.

The entrance to the building is protected from atmospheric precipitation. There are no thresholds on the movement of visitors. The surface on the pathways does not allow slipping during wetting.

11. Main building indicators

Table 1.6.

List of sources used

SP 22.1330.2011 "The foundations of buildings and structures" SP 42.1130.2011 "Urban planning. Planning and building urban and ". SP 50.13330.2012 "Thermal Protection of Buildings". SP 54.13330.2011 "Buildings Residential Apartment". SP 59.1330.2012 "The availability of buildings and structures for small groups of the population." SP 131.13330.2012 "Construction climatology". GOST R 21.1101-2009 "Basic requirements for project and working documentation". GOST 21.501-2011 "Rules for the fulfillment of working documentation of architectural and constructive decisions." GOST 21.201-2011 "Conditional graphic images of elements of buildings, structures and structures" Sherezhevsky building. Construction of civil buildings. M: Architecture-C, 2005 Maclakova Civil buildings. M: Publisher DS, 2000. Nelov building. M: Stroyzdat, 1974 Chernysh Civil and Industrial Buildings. M: Publisher DR, 2001.

Project task

annotation

Introduction

Surface planning solution

Composite decision

Constructive solution

Features of the external and interior decoration

Conclusion

Project task

1. Develop architectural and construction drawings of a low-rise residential building (urban development) for a family of 3-6 people.

Create an explanatory note to the project.

Project data:

Construction site - Ulan-Ude.

Constructive scheme Buildings - wall (carrier wall).

Maximum dimensions in terms of - 9 * 12m.

Foundations - ribbon (R / B group or monolithic).

Walls - carriers (64 cm) and non-bricks from bricks.

Partitions are wooden-planned or drywall.

Overlap - railway slabs. (3 and 6 m long)

The roof is scope, on wooden rafters, with any roofing coating.

Stairs - external - using monolithic concrete;

internal - wooden or reinforced concrete.

Floors - wooden planned, parquet or ceramic tiles.

Windows - wooden or plastic with triple glazing.

Doors - wooden, shield or scribbled.

Outdoor and interior decoration - at the discretion of the author.

annotation

In this course project, a project of a two-story residential building for 4 people has been developed. The building must be provided central heating, plumbing and sewage. Ventilation of the kitchen and bathrooms is carried out through the ventilation channels located in the self-supporting interior walls and boxes. The designed residential building is provided for permanent residence.

Objectives of this work:

creating an architectural composition on this topic ( individual house) as systems of interrelated design aspects: organization of the plan and volume, taking into account functional features Buildings, the right choice of design and building materials.

secure the knowledge obtained when studying the theoretical part of the course.

The main task of the educational design is: mastering the architectural design method.

Explanatory note Represents 17 pages, 2 applications, two sheets of graphics format A2.

Introduction

Architecture arose during the times of primitive-free system. Then a person created himself a dwelling in the form of salashes and earthlings. In the subsequent period of settling, a person creates more durable and long-term dwellings. The monuments of the architecture of the prehistoric era are also arising at the later stages of development, the so-called megalithic structures: Mengira - huge stone obeliski in the ground, Dolmen - buildings from the vertically supplied stone blocks, blocked by flat large stones; Cromlenes are more complex in the form of structures from stone blocks, which were a place for the burial and used as well for religious rituals. The combination of vertical and horizontal elements in these buildings indicates a gradual mastering of the laws of architectonics. The architecture spatially organizes household and labor processes of people, so the main and primary quality of buildings is their compliance of the function, the activity for which they are intended.

Architecture is one of the most ancient and significant artistic arts in its influence. Architecture forms affect emotions, architecture participates in meeting the needs of a person, both material and spiritual.

The authors of architectural works are conducted in their creations a certain idea and semantic information. Each construction has a specific purpose, so it appearance Must match him and customize people to a certain way.

Currently, the problem of high-quality low-rise housing in new socio-economic conditions is coming to the fore.

All buildings are made a number of mandatory requirements (expediency):

functional feasibility;

economic;

technical;

aesthetic;

ecological.

Creating a dwelling that meets these requirements and is the main task of the design of the housing. Stage of course design:

First of all, the drawings of the plans of the first and second floor were performed, the staircase was calculated. It was also necessary to divide the building into separate functional zones, taking into account optimal conditions Family accommodation, place doors and windows. The second stage was the execution of a vertical section, which passed through the windows, and the design of the roof. The third stage was the fulfillment of the four facades of the building and drawing up plans for overlapping the first and second floor. The fourth stage was a feasibility study of the project and the preparation of the exploration of premises. The final stage of design was the compilation of an explanatory note. The tasks of this work is:

creating an architectural composition as systems of interconnected design aspects.

learn to independently develop an architectural and composite, volume planning and constructive solution of low-rise buildings with the simplest types of engineering and technical equipment.

get the skills of graphic design of architectural and structural drawings, according to the rules of construction drawing.

secure the knowledge obtained when studying the theoretical part of the course.

1. Volume-planning solution

The surround-planning solution is a solution based on which one or another composition and size of premises are accepted.

In this paper, a two-storey individual building is designed. The height of one floor is 2.70 m. The relationship of the floors is carried out using a reinforced concrete staircase. The foundation of the building is a ribbon, reinforced concrete depth - 3.20 m below the level of clean floor, which creates a large space under the basement.

The premises of the houses of certain sizes and forms are located in the same complex and are subject to functional, architectural and artistic, technical, environmental and economic requirements.

We describe the layout of this building:

Entering the house through the entrance door, you can get into a spacious hallway with an original dressing room, from two sides separated from the rest of the living space by sliding doors, with inserts from transparent glass and artificial leather. Immediately you can go, wrapped right, in the kitchen. Also for the convenience of guests and hosts of the house in the hallway there is a sanitary node with a toilet and washbasin. From the hallway through the meter opening in the inner bearing wall, you can also get into the living room, which is the main room for family meetings, receiving guests, etc. In turn, through the living room you can get into the office, which has both work and living space.

The interconnection of the floors is carried out with the help of a single staircase located in the hallway, which provides the ability to conjure residential rooms.

Calculation of the stairs:

N. floors \u003d 2.7 M.

h. suggest \u003d 15 cm

Number of steps \u003d 270/15 \u003d 18 → 1 Ladder march.

l. shorty \u003d 0.20 M.

L. stairs \u003d 20 * 18 \u003d 360 m

The staircase is made of reinforced concrete and has black forged metal railing.

Lifting up to the second floor, it is possible to be in a long spacious lobby, which can be used as a living room, a small cinema, a sports corner with mirrors on the walls. The hall has access to the residential part, and in functional rooms: toilet, bathroom and pantry, located row. In the residential part there are a small corridor and three bedrooms, different squares. Thus, in this house there is zoning for residential and functional. The boundary of the zones is the inner bearing wall.

The pluses of layout are the following items:

All sleeping rooms, except the cabinet, are located on the second floor of the house.

The reinforced concrete staircase and the kitchen are located near the entrance.

The windows provide good illumination, since their area matches the regulatory.

The possibility of redevelopment. Some Square Hall of the second floor depending on the life cycle of the family can be converted into nursery, etc.

Minuses is the lack of a balcony.

The residential house includes the following rooms:

Residential: 3 bedrooms, office.

Available: kitchen, pantry, 2 bathrooms on each floor.

Communication: Hall, entrance hall.

Leisure: Living Room, Cabinet, Hall of the 2nd floor.

Technical and economic indicators

No P / Pnaamination Indicators1S common , M. 2166.922S. residential , M. 285.123V. p , M. 3901,3684S. nok. 276.2725p nar.Sten 44.566S. toss 121,857kol-in square. meters per living, m 241.138K. 10.519K. 25,410K. 31.6411K. 40,37

1.total area (S. common ) - The sum of all areas of premises in the building.

common \u003d 19.08 + 14.04 + 3,4 + 19,67 + 2.25 + 5.06 + 24.38 + 15,12 + 11.96 + 3,6 + 5.94 + 1.7 + 28 , 6 + 14,58 + 2.6m 2.

2. Square area (s housing - Differences of the total area and non-residential rooms (corridors, halls, staircase, entrance hall, kitchen, built-in wardrobes)

housing \u003d 166.92-2.6-28.6-19.67-1.7-5.94-3.6-14.04-3,4-2.25 \u003d 85,12m 2.

3. Planning coefficient

TO 1\u003d S. housing / S. common =85,12/166,92=0,51099

architectural drawing Composite finish

4.Construction volume

p \u003d S. common (H. 1+ H. 2)=166,92(2,70+2,70)=901,38

5. Vacuuming coefficient

TO 2\u003d V. p / S. common =5.4

6.Close outdoor enclosing structures

nok. \u003d (12.640 * 6.2 + 9.64 * 6.2) * 2 \u003d 276,272 m 2.

7.Ceficiency compactness plan

TO 3\u003d S. nok. / S. common =276,272/166,92=1,655

TO 4\u003d P / s toss =44,56/121.85=0,3657

Number of square meters per living \u003d s common / Number of tenants \u003d 166.92 / 4 \u003d 41.23 m 2

Composite decision

The architectural and composite solution of the building is to build a composition of the volume of the entire building, facades, interiors in the processing of a volume and spatial solution through architectonics of bulk forms and architectural and artistic techniques. Undoubtedly, it is important when developing a residential building, its architectural and artistic expressiveness, the correctly chosen composite solution so that it express itself, and functionality and looked architecturally beautifully.

The architectural style of this building belongs to constructivism. Basic distinctive features of constructivism in architecture are clear lines, graphitics in the construction of the composition, the absence of pronounced decorative elements, pronounced building functionality. It is inherent in the rigor, the geometry of forms, conciseness, simplicity.

In the interior, the focus is on not a composite interior solution, and the designs present in it. Constructivism in the interior of the presented house combines aesthetics and comfort. Furniture and plumbing take a wide variety of forms, combine classics and avant-garde, sharp corners and rounded surfaces. Furniture-transformer, functional racks, folding structures, the use of molata and glass all this expression of constructivism in the interior.

Let's go to the exterior. We describe it using the architectural composition. The house is symmetrical and static, which is manifested in the location of the windows on the front facade, in the roof of the roof. Symmetry gives peace, calm, which is optimal for permanent family residence. Facades, having a greater number of windows, visually reduce the scale of the building. This building has four symmetrically located windows and therefore in order to visually add a height and scale building, the house is trimmed with one white color without selection of the base.

In the design of the form of the building, an approach was chosen in which the construction is fundamental, and the form is a consequence. In general, the building is proportional to the ratio of the height of the roof to the height of the building without taking into account the roof close to the ratio of the roof length of the end to the length of the building.

The symmetric location of the windows in the building, the bartal coatings of the roof - an example of a metric row.

In the exterior of the presented building, the contrast is pronounced, which is expressed through the color solution. The building itself, the porch and the steps are painted in a white achromatic color, which adds lightness, ease of perception. And the roof cover is made by brick-red metal tile, which immediately draws attention. These two colors, as if coming, are striving to penetrate the reserved space, but invariably rest in a skillful architect in the border. Window frames and doors decks are also white so that they do not stand out against the background of the house, but created a single harmony.

3. Constructive solution

The tectonic diagram of the designed building is a wall with longitudinal carrier walls. Wall construction is well suited for designing low-rise housing.

The structural structure of the building is the following interrelated structural elements.

Foundation Belt, from the prefabricated reinforced concrete elements P1 3000x3000, p2 3000x6000mm.

The outer walls are made of construction ordinary ceramic bricks with standard dimensions - 250 x 120 x 65 mm on cement-sandy solution, 64 cm thick.

Floors are plasterboard, large-pointed thickness 100mm.

The slabs of the overlap are provided from the precast concrete plates with a pre-voltage of the reinforcement with a thickness of 200mm with anchoring into the wall. Typical slabs of floors and custom plates are used.

The plates rest on the bearing walls, and the plates, overlapping the second floor near the stairs, are also on the installed reinforced concrete columns.

During the construction of the building, the plates of overlappings of three brands are used: 1500x6000 PP-1, made to order PP-2 size 1500x4500, and PP-3 with dimensions 1500x3500

A total of overlapping slabs is provided for the construction of this building: PP-1-11, PP-2 - 1, PP-3 - 1.

For the climatic conditions of G. Toul-Ude, the windows with triple glazing are well suited. To reduce heat loss through the windows, multi-chamber double-glazed windows are installed.

In this operation, the window is glass windows with triple glazing with dimensions of 1200x1200mm. In total, 10 double-glazed windows were used. The staircase inside the house consists of reinforced concrete steps with a covan metal fence. Roofing in this building is double, coated from metal tile. The required slope (i \u003d 25 °) is set up (I \u003d 25 °). Taking into account the load in winter. The entrance door is a light shield with a height of 2m and 1M wide.

The base part of the building is solved as follows. For preliminary preparation of the surface of the base under painting, acrylic facade primer is applied<#"justify">4. Features of the outer and interior decoration

Outdoor decoration of the building includes acrylic facade plaster, acrylic facade primer<#"justify">List of sources used

1. Abazov V. A., Antonyuk A. I. House, which I built (everything from the project before construction). - Kiev: Sleeps Ltd, 1996. - 321 p.

2. Balakina A.E. and others. Architecture. Photo: DRA, 2004 Hardcover, 472 pp.

Barev V.I, etc. Architecture, construction, design. Rostov N / D: Phoenix, 2005.

Kazbek Casbiev Z.A. "Architectural constructions" .m.: high school, 1989 - 209 p.

Koszakovsky V. A., Chistova V. A. Architectural composition of a residential building. - M.: Stroyzdat, 1985. - 437 p.

Masyutin V. M. Modern manor house: a manual for an individual developer. -M.: Rosagropromizdat, 1990. - 253 p.

Pretezhensky V.M. Architecture of civil I. industrial buildings. Design basics. M.: Publisher Literature on Construction, 1996. - 226c.

Content:




4.5 Stairs ............................................................................7

Content:
1. General data for design ............... .. ............2
2. Solution of the 5thLorestrustd Plan (Gardening) ............ .2
3. Volume planning solution of the building .....................22
4. Constructive solution of the building .................................... .3
4.1 Foundation and foundations ............................................. ..3
4.2 outer walls ............................................................... 3
4.3 Internal walls and partitions ..................................6
4.4 Overlappings ................................................................................... ..6
4.5Lester ............................................................................7
4.6 Coating and roofing ......................................................... ..7
4.7 Doors and windows ................................................................................... ..7
4.8 floors .................................................................................... 8
5 definition coefficients to and K2 .............................. ..8.
6 Outdoor and interior decoration .................................... ..8
7 List of literature used ................................. 10

1. General data for design
It is required to design a 5-storey 20-apartment residential building. Construction area - G Tula. Territory relief calm. Soils - clay. The level of ground bodes at the level of -4.5 m from the ground level. Conditions of operation A, the humidity mode of the room is normal.

2. Solution of the landscaping plan (gardening).
Inside the designed residential building provides for the placement of a 5-storey panel residential building and children's clinics, as well as the necessary sites whose specific dimensions are adopted in accordance with the planned number of tenants.
So, with the number of apartments of the designed residential building equal to 20, taking into account the coefficient of a family 4, we obtain the planned number of tenants - 80 people. In this regard, the minimum specific sizes of platforms are:
-For games of children of preschool and younger school age 0.7-144 \u003d 100.8 m2
-For adult recreation 0.1-144 \u003d 14,4 m2
-For Physical education 2-144 \u003d 288 m2
-For parking machines passenger cars 10 or less.
Taking into account the data obtained and the disposable territory, we finally adopt the specific dimensions of the platforms respectively- 449 m2, 303m2, 981m2, 356m2, 248m2, 506.3m2.
Location scheme road roads local significance And the necessary travel provides the possibility of an entrance of private vehicles and fire cars to designed facilities. The width of the carriage part of the roads is accepted with 6m, taking into account two lanes, travel and 4 m, taking into account one strip. Along the roads and travel there are sidewalks of 1.5m wide, which are separated from the road by the separation strip. Inside the designed residential building also provides pedestrian streets with a width of 1.5m, taking into account two strips for movement.
For landscaping of the designed residential building applied local species Wood-shrub plants, flower beds. The main element of landscaping is lawn, fountain.

3. Volume-planning solution of the building.
Designed building represents Soda 5-site 20-apartment
1-section residential building, which consists of four apartments: one and four-room.
The construction area (the horizontal cross-section area along the external contour of the building at the level of the base, including the protruding parts) is 345.8 mg. The height of each floor of the building is accepted with 2.8m, the height of the cold attic in the locations of the passage is 1,2m.
The stairs of the building consists of a staircase of constant use and one passenger elevator (loading capacity of 400kg, lifting speed 1m / s). The width of the site in front of the elevator is adopted by 1.34m (at least 1.2m). The elevator mine is designed as an isolated, separate structure that is not related to other building structures consisting of lower, storey and upper elements covered with a slab overlap. The foundation under the elevator shaft is a massive monolithic concrete plate. The building has a garbage chute consisting of a trunk with adopted valves placed through the floor - on intermediate sites, towering over them and exiting the roof of the ventilation barrel with a deflector and garbage chamber. The camera has an independent way out with a door opening, isolated from a residential building with a deaf wall.
The living area of \u200b\u200bthe section is the amount residential areas Apartments The total section area includes areas of all apartments with a coefficient of 0.3
Evacuation is carried out on the stairs associated with the floor with elevator hall and having an exit to the street

4. Constructive building solution.
The panel building is made on a frameless structural system, a structural scheme and with longitudinal carriding walls.

5. 1. Foundation and foundations.
The base of the designed building is clay. Premise depth - 4.5 m.
The foundations are designed tape monolithic. A monolithic foundation is designed under the elevator shaft.
Vertical waterproofing is applied to the foundation on the perimeter, a hot bitumen is 2 times.

4.2 Outdoor walls.
The outer walls are made in the form of three-layer panels of a single-row cutting size of 2 rooms. Panels contain outdoor, internal and enclosed between them insulated layer. The outer and inner layers are formed by walls from heavy concreteThe insulation of the layer applies. Matt mineral wool firmware (GOST 21880-76). The connections between the concrete layers are made flexible, formed by individual reinforcement rods (the perception of the effort acting in the wall is assigned to the inner layer, and
enclosing functions and outdoor). The joints of the panels drained with loop depositated connections on steel brackets.
The heat engineering calculation of the wall fencing is adopted constructively in accordance with the SNiP "Building Climatology and Geophysics" in Tula.

4.3 Interior walls and partitions.
Domestic bearing walls have a single-row cutting on the height of the floor, the length of the transverse wall panels on the 1st room, longitudinal - by 1-2 rooms. The thickness of the panels is 120 mm for interior rooms and 160 mm. For inter-weltering premises. Horizontal joints of the inner walls are performed by platforms (the walls are based on each other through the overlaps). In a 20-mm gap between the plates of overlappings pass pin locks (at least two on the panel). Contact joints (walls are relying directly on each other) with consoles in the level of the opening plates are used in ventilation panels. Binding inner walls central.
Inspecially partitions from 70mm thick plaster panels.

4.4. Overlapping.
The slabs of the overlaps are adopted by reinforced concrete solid thickness of 140mm, a nominal flight of 1.5,1,81.2 m and a nominal length of 5.7 m and 3.3 m. The plates adjacent to the staircases increase from the supporting side of 70mm to fill Platform junction.
Plates are based on two sides. The plates of thickness but MM provide their weight sufficient sound insulation of intergenerational floors. The stiffness of the overlap disk is provided by welding on the side edges of the reinforcement releases, the stamps of the joints with cement solution of the brand 100. The design position of the plates is controlled by retainers in the bearing walls.

4.5. Stairs.
The staircase is adopted from precast concrete sites and marches
P-shaped sections, full, with frieze steps. Floor sites are based on transverse reinforced concrete wall panels, internet sites are becoming supported by supporting protrusions in a niche in wall panels. The base march is shortened and rests on a cut end on the ceiling slab in the level of the inlet tambour. The slope of the stairs 1-2 (with the sizes of the sticky and the riser, respectively, 300x156 mm) of the march width 1.4 m. The march fencing (railings) is arranged from steel links, welded to mortgage elements in the sideline march, the height of the fencing march 850mm. The handrail is made of plastic (polyvinyl chloride). Machi and platforms are connected on welding.
Lifting from the top platform on the attic, and from there directly to the roof along the steel stews with a width of 0.6 m and a slope of 60 °.

4.6. Coating and roof.
The coating is made attic with a cold attic. The height of the attic in the passage places is 1.2 m. In the cold attic, steam barrier (2 layers of the Tehnonicol), insulation (fibrololite) Wen blocks and panels go beyond the roof of the attic.
The roof is a little tank with inner drain and rubberoid roof. The roof flooring is made of reinforced concrete ribbed plates of Poubli section with a height of 300mm, and a reinforced concrete tray. Plates are applied with a nominal length 5.7m, a nominal width of 27th 3.3m. / 1Ock has a nominal width of 2 m. The stoves have a shelf drop for the Undo device, which contributes to the flow of water to funnels and passes along the longitudinal axis of the building. There are 1 funnel located with a binding to the transverse axis 200mm. Holes for skipping ventilation blocks are located outside the carrier ribs
The output to the roof is carried out through the elevator's engine room, located in the level of the attic and towering above the roof at 1.8m.

4.7. DBERE and windows.
Doors adopted wooden glazed and deaf type. Dimensions of doors
residential rooms 2.1 × 0.8,
utility rooms 2.1 × 0.8,
Entrance (d apartment) 2.1 x0.9
entrance (b staircase) 2.1 × 1.2,
The design of the door consists of a rectangular closed wooden box and hanging on the box on the door canvase loops. The deaf part of the door cloth is made of shields with a continuous filling with a thickness of wooden bars, lied on both sides, the external entrance doors are lined with waterproof plywood on both sides, the lower parts are protected from pollution with decorative plastic strips installed on screws.
For glazing doors, a patterned glass of 5mm thick was applied.
The size of the windows of the designed building is appointed in accordance with the regulatory requirements of natural illumination from the ratio of the area of \u200b\u200blight opening to the area of \u200b\u200bthe room. Window blocks taken type with with twisted binders. The design of the window opening is made of wood and silicate glass with a thickness of 5mm, opening inside, for airborne rooms, window blocks have window blocks.

4.8. Floors.
Floors in residential premises, hallways, intra-quarter corridors and kitchens are made with a linoleum coating on a heat-sound insulating base. Before laying the linoleum web, the linoleum is cut and welded into the carpet, exactly corresponding to the room, to preserve the elastic properties of the warm baseline, the carpet rolls dry directly on the reinforced concrete slab overlap and is covered with plinths.
The fields in the bathrooms are made of ceramic tiles, laid on a layer of cement mortar on the screed, under the layer of solution laid waterproofing of two layers of the technonic.
The base of the base is facing the stone texture.
Walls of residential premises are covered with wallpaper. Wall kitchens are painted with oil paints. On the front of the kitchen equipment and in the bathrooms, the walls are faced with glazed tiles ceilings in residential rooms, in the rest of the premises are painted with water-emulsion paints.
The walls of the ladder-lift node are painted with water-mounted paints. The garbage trunk is painted polyvinyl chloride paint.

7. List of literature used.
1. GOST 21 \\ '101-97. SPDS Basic requirements for project and working documentation.
2. GOST 21.501-93. SPDS. Rules for the implementation of architectural and construction work drawings.
3. Snip 2.08.01-89 \\ 'Residential buildings.
4. REDUCED 23-01-99 (or 2.01.01-82) Construction climatology.
5. Snip 11-3-79 \\ ". Construction heat engineering, (taking into account changes and additions No. 3).
6. Snip 21-01-97 Fire safety of buildings and structures.
7. Snip 2.0? \\ '01.-89 \\'. Planning and building of urban and rural settlements
8. Snip 11-12-77. Protection against noise.
9. I. A. Shereshevskip. Construction of civil buildings. -To stroyzdat. 1981.
10. TG Maklakova, S.M.Nanasova. Civil buildings design. - N.- Publishing House of ASN. 2002.
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Content:
Introduction
1. Architectural part.
1.1 Initial data.
1.2 Description of the master plan.
1.3 Volume-planning solution.
1.4 Finishing
2. Constructive part.
2.1 Constructive scheme of the designed building.
2.2 Foundation.
2.3 walls of the basement.
2.4 outer walls.
2.5 overlaps on wooden beams.
2.6 stairs.
2.7 partitions.
2.8 doors.
2.9 windows.
2.10 floors.
2.11 pillars.
2.12 Roof.
2.13 roof.
2.14 terrace.
2.15 porch.
2.16 stained glass windows.
3. Engineering equipment
4. Literature

Introduction
Architecture exists almost as much as human society. Together with the change in society, the architecture developed and modified, experiencing both periods of lifting and periods of decline. In solving these tasks, a responsible role belongs to designers, including architects and their assistants - engine techniques.
The current reductions regulate the requirements for modern dwelling, and establish: methods of settlement, principles of planning settlements, types of houses in housing construction; sanitary and hygienic standards taking into account household and climatic characteristics of construction areas; technical conditions Design and building a building that ensure the use of modern progressive construction methods and its economy.
In times, only certain norms of housing squares were approved in the USSR, which were issued from 9 to 15 m per person. In this case, the low-rise building was called an apartment house with joined sites (manor type), but were used as rules in rural and town construction. Houses of this type have received significant distribution in urban villages. Along with widespread construction multi-storey buildings In our country, there are many low-rise. Low-rise construction in such settlements Complies with the life of the population and it is advisable, despite the fact that with a decrease in the density of the development, the length of engineering communications increases, the area of \u200b\u200bimprovement, etc.
This expediency is explained by the fact that simple lightweight structures can be used in low-rise construction, cheap local construction MaterialsIn forest areas, a tree is used, it is possible to use simplified systems here. engineering equipmentIn addition, simple and cheap mechanization means apply in low-rise construction.
In modern construction practice, several types of residential low-rise buildings are used, the choice of which depends on the specific conditions: one-quarters, two-quartered (sprayed), four-quarter, multi-apartment blocked.
A characteristic feature of low-rise buildings of all species is the presence of individual jetty sites.
Layout of apartments of low-rise houses different types Must meet all the requirements and conditions.
Flat low-rise home Related to the site. This causes the need for most cases to make two entrances to the house - one from the street, the other from the side of the site. The first is usually done through the front, the second - through the kitchen.
The house establishes indoor and closed terraces, verandas, loggias, balconies used in the warm season as an additional residential area and a rest. In III and IV climatic areas, the device of such summer premises are mandatory.
Since because of a cold climate, except IV, it is necessary at the entrance to the house to provide an internal tambour or cold sense.
Features of the village type require hardware storage devices and products.

1 architectural part.
1.1 Original data
The plot is located on the periphery of Moscow in the cottage settlement, close to
from the city. Plot - 20 acres. The plan is a rectangle 40x50m. South of the site passes Street ..
The relief is calm, decreases towards the south. The average temperature is January-5; -14
July 24; 28.
The amount of precipitation is 600 -1000 mm. Wind mode 5 m / s and more. Prevailing winds C-3 Snow load 100 kg / m. Soil Suglinka. Premises depth 1.5 m. Groundwater 5-6m. Vegetation - coniferous and deciduous species of trees, wood-shrub vegetation as a living hedge. The house is designed to accommodate a family of 3 people. The lifestyle of the inhabitants is modern, dynamic. This is also taken into account when designing a plot. The head of the family is the head of the construction company, his wife is an architect, a creative person, engaged in painting and photography. One child is 10 years old.
1.2 General Plan.
The plan of the site is stretched to the south, the street passes to the south. From the north-east, the area surrounds the forest, and from the West - borders with another site. Plot in terms of rectangle, because All buildings are in regular buildings, equipped along the red line. The building complies with all sanitary and hygienic requirements.
The building is removed from the road to 15 m, from neighbor plot 10 m.
Section size - 40x50 m.
Entry is focused from the south to the north.
Rose winds with-c.
The house is the "art center" of all the general plan. According to the project, all zones are located around the house in the southeastern part of the site there is a garden. Planting trees - chaotic. Garage southwest of the house outbuildings In the North-West and Northeast.
Economic zone Located behind the house so that it was not visible at the entrance to the site. The economic zone includes bath and garden.
The area of \u200b\u200bcollaborative recreation in the open air is located near the house, as a natural continuation of residential spaces - packed areas, gazebo, elements of park architecture with small decorative forms. The gazebo overlooks the pool and recreation area, where you can take sunbathing.
Regular garden - Streamy lawns framed by border, flower beds, live hedgehogs. Here, a combined landing style is applied: they are more regular about the house, then go into a natural landscaped garden. Large trees are structural landings, high trees perfectly look at the background of well-groomed trimmed lawns with juicy grass. They are placed by groups and alone.
The house is two-storey, with scope roofing from galvanized steel with a slope of 5%. Vertical connection with the help of stairs (two-hours). By planning solution, the whole house can be divided into zones: existential use, individual use, economic.
Universal (public) zone includes the entrance part - hall-hall, living room, dining room, kitchen, guest room, guest bathroom, suitable storage room, wardrobe, gym, leisure room, dressing room. Individual use zone: bedrooms, bathrooms, game, musical., Cabinet, workshop.
Entrance part.
In the climatic zone of the middle strip of Russia, the entrance to the house is carried out through a vestibule with the opening of the door to the outside (a bipoon door with a cloth 700 mm). Size Tambura -3.3 m. The entrance consists of a wardrobe and a hall with a staircase. The main direction is towards the living room, which is explained by the presence of a large hall.
The living room is visually separated from the hall with a staircase and arch. The living room is a well-lit space, thanks to three windows and exit in the winter garden. The living room is the necessary furniture for recreation and reception. Winter garden is on the first floor. Winter garden is an integral part of the house, especially in summer period: It can also serve as a dining room, and a seating area, and a guest area. The kitchen has all the necessary equipment. The working area is located along the walls.
The guest bedroom is designed for two people, equipped with access to the guest bathroom.
Second floor.
- The parent bedroom has a large double bed, a wardrobe and a dressing table. Soft and calm lighting in the bedroom.
- The children's bedroom has a bed, a wardrobe and the entrance to the game room.
Near each bedroom there is a bathroom. Also on the second floor there are the Cabinet of Parents, Library and Muzukalny. Cabinet is divided into 2 parts. One part for the work of the wife, the other is a husband. Cabinet can serve for the most important business meetings. It has good natural lighting.
Basement.
There are places for recreation and household needs (boiler room, s / y, bearing, ironing, workshop, gym, leisure facilities, dressing room).
1.4 Finishing
Interior decoration.
In the interior decoration, a combination of natural wood and ceramic tiles was applied. Floors tambura, utility rooms, bathrooms, kitchens and dressing rooms are separated by ceramic tiles. In the lobby, living room, parent bedroom, library parquet board. In the guest bedroom - carpet. Boating floors - in the winter garden. Walls bedrooms are covered by wallpaper. The working area of \u200b\u200bthe kitchen and the walls of the bathrooms are separated by ceramic tiles.
The rest of the walls are painted. The ceiling on the first floor is laid by boards, on the second floor - suspended ceiling. Interior doors boardmen, the door to the winter garden is glazed. Input doors - with alarm system. Staircase wooden with impregnation.
Exterior finish.
The base is lined with natural stone. Walls - plastered brick 530mm with insulation. Doors and other details of the facade are covered with a preserving structure of the paint tree Pinotex .. The roof is covered with galvanized steel.

2 Constructive part
2.1 Constructive building circuit.
Constructive building circuit with longitudinal walls. The spatial rigidity and stability of the building is ensured by the joint operation of the foundations, longitudinal bearing walls and overlaps, columns.
2.2. Fundament Plan
Type of foundation - ribbon team.
Under the inner columns - Monolith 400x400 with a pillow 800x800. Under the winter garden - 400x400.
Bearing walls: FDBS FDBS 5-6; FBS 5-6-12.
The depth of the foundation - where there is no basement -2.600
Where there is ground floor -3.200 See the foundation plan.
2.3. Walls of the basement.
The walls are made of concrete (FBS) with a thickness of 500 mm. Waterproofing vertical coating (T. K. The level of groundwater on the OTM5.5M. See section of the wall.
2.4. Walls
Outdoor bricks with a plate insulation, 530mm thick, 6-thorny lightweight masonry, plastered outside and painted pale yellow. Internal - brick partitions, 120mm thick, plastered and covered with wallpaper and lined with tiles.
2.5. Overlapping
Overlapping floor on wooden beams, cross section 100x100mm. With a step of 1000 mm, 900 mm, 800 mm. See the plan of overlaps.
2.6 stairs

2.6 stairs
The height of the floor: basement z.1m, the first 3.4m, second 3.6m. Kosourny stairs. In the house - two-hours, the size of the steps 300x150mm, Kosur wooden 50x200mm. The beam of the staircase is 200h200mm, boards of steps with a thickness of 20m. Fences with a height of 1050mm. The ladder of the entrance site is Kosoochnaya, the size of the stage is 300x150mm.
2.7 partitions
Brick, 120mm thick.
2.8 Doors




2.9. Window

2.10. Floors

2.11 Poles (columns)

2.7 partitions
Brick, 120mm thick.
2.8 Doors
All internal doors with a height of 2100 mm.
The entrance door is fillane two-range 600mm with glazing the door.
In the winter garden two-rank 600 mm. Interior doors - single-section shields 800mm.
San indoor doors - single 700 mm.
2.9. Window
Windows with double glazing and wooden frames, 1500x1800mm, 2500x1800mm, 800x1800mm.
2.10. Floors
Wooden female floors with different finishing options see clause 1.4, ground floor - on the soil. See incision on the wall.
2.11 Poles (columns)
Brick columns 380x380mm. See Plans.
2.12. Roof.
Slotted wooden rafters with a step of 1000 mm, 900 mm, 800 mm with a cross section of 100x200 mm. See the plan of rafters and incision along the wall.
2.13. ROOF.
Galvanized steel, on the clamp 50x50mm, with a step of 300mm.
2.14. Winter Garden.
With a boardwalk of tipped boards, a cross section of 120x30mm.
2.15. PORCH.
Steps 150x300, fences 1050mm on 50x50mm columns, with a platform of 1200x2200mm.

3. Engineering equipment
Heating
Combined.
Water supply
Urban type
Sewerage
Sewerage is attached to the city collector.
Power supply
Power supply from the city network.
Telephone
Connected to urban PBX.
A television
Connected to urban cable television.

Literature:
one . Buga PB Civil, industrial and agricultural buildings 1987
2. Shereshevsky I. A. Constructions of civil buildings. 2003
3. Blagoveshchensky F.I., Bukina E.F. Architectural constructions 1985.
4. Abstract on the designs of buildings and structures.
5. Abstract for ergonomics and design equipment.