If you plunge deeply into history, you need to understand that each individual city, not to mention countries, had its own concepts of weight, length, and time. The measure of weight in every corner of the planet was different, it was measured in ounces, pounds, measures, poods and other units, and even the same names did not guarantee the coincidence of weight. It was the same with the length, ranging from small measurements and ending with the distances between cities. But until the end of the eighteenth century, no one would have understood the question "how many kilograms in 1 liter?", Because such names did not even exist.

Over time, when states came to one-man management, and international trade began to develop actively, a need arose for universal standardization. And if within each individual country the unification of measurements took place almost simultaneously with the formation of this very country, then the world community approached the uniform international standards in the second half of the nineteenth century.

The names "meter" and "kilogram" themselves appeared in France in 1795. After the victory of the French Revolution, the new authorities decided to get rid of everything that resembled a monarchy. The changed names of the months of the year, days of the week did not last long, but the roots of the new units of measurement of the entire world community originate precisely in France. It was there that they first answered the question "how many kilograms in 1 liter of water?"

Metric system

The word "liter" got its name from the old French "litron", which meant the measure of free-flowing bodies. And the old French term has its roots in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. After the French Revolution, the liter became the new unit of measurement for volume. And in the same year 1795, they determined how many kilograms 1 liter of water weighs. To begin with, we determined how much one reference gram was. It weighed as much as one cube of melt water with an edge of one hundredth of a meter. And since the gram was a rather small value, not convenient for making a standard, a unit a thousand times heavier than a gram was taken as a standard. And, accordingly, the volume was "adjusted" under it. Therefore, the question "how many kilograms in 1 liter of water?" the only answer is “One”. But the system, which was based on the meter and the kilogram, gained international recognition only in the last quarter of the nineteenth century, when seventeen states, including Russia, at a meeting in Paris confirmed the Metric Convention with their signatures.

SI system

The convention served as the basis for the creation of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures, the purpose of which was to organize a unified measurement system. This system became the foundation for the emergence of the International System of Units (SI) in 1960. In this system, there was no place for a liter, but bringing the measurements to a single standard allows at any time to answer the question of how many kilograms are in 1 liter of any substance.

Liter measurements

“> Water was initially taken as the standard of mass in the state of melting ice. After this, the definitions were changed, and the sample of one kilogram was water at the temperature of the highest density and the normal state of the atmospheric phenomenon. It follows from this that the substance, in this case water, even in a container of 1 liter can have a different weight. Therefore, when asked how much is a kilogram in 1 liter, you should also specify the atmospheric pressure and the temperature of the water. And again, when we are not talking about water, the weight of one liter will vary significantly. So, the heaviest liquid in a natural state - mercury - is more than thirteen times heavier than water. And, for example, vegetable oil is lighter than water, and if you pour oil into water, an oil film forms on the surface. Considering that one liter corresponds to one cubic decimeter, liters can be used to measure not only liquid substances, but also solid ones. The hardest known substance, osmium, is 23 times heavier than water, and the ice that forms when water freezes has a lower density, and therefore is located on the surface of the water. How many kilograms in 1 liter depends on what we are measuring.

Volumetric dishes

“> And where solids are measured in liters, there appear free-flowing ones. Moreover, in the old days it was the bulk of the dishes that determined the volume of the dishes, the standard for this was wheat. And in the modern world, measuring dishes come to the aid of all housewives. With its help, you can safely answer the question of how many kilograms are in 1 liter, and by no means water. After all, everything is clear with water. Depending on the need, the volumetric dishes can measure how much cream, milk, perhaps even flour or cereals in one liter. Or maybe not in one liter, but only in a glass. Volumetric dishes will show how many kilograms, pounds or ounces are in 1 liter, depending on which country's recipe is being prepared at the moment. If you don't have measuring utensils at hand, guides will help, which will tell you, to the nearest gram, about the capacity of one liter for all kinds of products.

History of water

The question of how much a liter of water weighs in kilograms at different times was answered differently. So, back in 1793, the current unit of measurement of liquid was adopted - the liter. And the French did it. And only in 1879, the International Committee of Weights and Measures decided to equate a measure of one liter to one cubic decimeter.

Already in the 20th century (1901), experts confirmed the equality of 1 liter of water to one kilogram of the same liquid. But, only if the temperature is kept at 3.98 degrees Celsius, and the atmospheric pressure is at 1 atmosphere. Under these conditions, the equivalent of a cubic decimeter was slightly different. So, 1 liter of water already weighed 1,00002 cubic decimeters.

In order not to get confused in these measures, in 1964 the International Committee again equalized the measures of a liter and a cubic decimeter. To maintain this balance, it is important that the water is clean and free of additives. Ordinary drinking water contains minor impurities of salts, which affect its weight, measure.

What affects the weight of the water?

We know from physics lessons that there are some differences between mass and volume. Mass measures the value of an inert body, and it is determined by kilograms. Water, like liquid, is measured in volumes. To determine how many kilograms are in one liter of water, you need to take into account some factors. The following indicators affect the mass of water:

• Pressure (atmospheric);
• Temperature;
• Physical state of the liquid;
• Type of water (salt, fresh);
• A kind of isotope of hydrogen.

Under different states of aggregation, the density of water changes. So, the maximum density is observed at the moment the liquid freezes. If the air temperature is positive, the amount of liquid begins to increase, it becomes light. Therefore, ice always floats on the surface and does not sink. Therefore, in the table, the following indicators of the weight of water can be distinguished, depending on the state of aggregation:

The salt water mass increases slightly. So, 1 liter of salty liquid weighs 1 kilogram and 24 grams. It also has an impact on atmospheric pressure.

How many kilograms are in 1 liter of water?

Taking into account all indicators, external factors, it is fashionable to calculate the weight of liquid in 1 kg. And how many kilograms are in 5 liters of water? So, at a room temperature of 20 degrees Celsius, and an atmospheric pressure of 760 millimeters of a column of mercury, the mass will be as follows:

• 1 liter = 1 kilogram;
• 5 liters = 5 kilograms;
• 10 liters = 10 kilograms.

In the case of other temperature "plus" values, the mass of 1 liter of water will be 998.6 grams. The liquid from the tap is also different from the pure distilled liquid. To identify the mass of tap water, you need to determine what impurities are in it. Based on chemical indicators, the weight of the liquid will be calculated using a special formula.

Metric system of measures

English system of measures

ON A NOTE

Calculating the volume of the aquarium

Counting and measuring drug doses

Doses of drugs given in chapter 27 are expressed in different ways according to the consistency of the drug (dry or liquid) and the method of administration. Doses of dry chemicals (powders and crystals) are expressed in units of weight, such as milligrams (mg) or grams (g). At the same time, doses of liquid medicines are usually expressed in volume units, for example, in milliliters (ml). The dosage of medications for treatment with baths depends on the volume of water into which the medication is injected - for example, 10 mg per liter; 10 ml of 10% solution per liter, etc. If drugs are administered to food, the dosage is based on the weight of the fish (or an estimated weight) - for example, 10 mg of the drug per kilogram of fish weight; 0.1 ml solution per 100 g fish weight, etc. Alternatively, the dosage may be based on the drug to feed ratio, eg 1 mg drug per 100 g feed.

The volume of an aquarium is usually expressed in liters. To calculate the volume, you need to do the following: multiply the length of the aquarium by its width and depth (all these values ​​should be expressed in centimeters), and then divide the resulting value by 1000 - then you will get the volume of the aquarium, expressed in liters.

If you are calculating the volume of an aquarium that contains decor, remember to make an allowance for the volume of water displaced by the soil and decorative objects. This amendment is difficult to assess. Therefore, when you fill the aquarium with water (decorative objects should already be there), use a vessel of a known volume for this purpose. Record how many times you had to fill this vessel with water to fill the aquarium. This can be used to calculate the actual volume of water in the aquarium. The resulting number must be written down and stored in some safe place - for example, in an aquarium medicine cabinet. You can write this number in indelible ink on the outside of the side of the aquarium. Subsequently, if the need arises, this inscription can be removed using medical alcohol or other similar substance.

1 English gallon * of water weighs 10 pounds

1 lb = 16 oz

1 lb = 0.454 kg

1 cubic foot of water = 6.23 gallons

1 imperial gallon = 4.55 liters *

1 pint = 0.568 liters

1inch = 2.54cm

1 kg = 1000 g

1 kg = 2.205 lbs

1000cm3 (ml) = 1 liter

1 liter = 0.2198 gallons

1 liter = 1,756 pints

1cm = 0.3937 inches

* 1 US gallon = approximately 0.8 imperial gallons or 3.79 liters

If the treatment will be carried out by a short-term bath in a small volume of water (see the paragraph above "Methods of administration of drugs"), it will be easier to measure this volume than to calculate the volume of the entire container.

Some medicines are expensive, so there is no point in dissolving the medicine in 10 liters of water in order to treat a three-centimeter fish in the resulting solution for 5 minutes, and then pour out the water along with the medicine.

Sometimes, to calculate the consumption of liquefied gas, it becomes necessary to know not only the volume, but also the mass of propane-butane. To do this, it is necessary to convert a liter of gas (a measure of volume) to kilograms (units of mass). The math for converting liters of gas to kilograms is simple: mass and volume (measured in liters) for liquefied propane-butane are related through density. Mass = density * volume, or

m =p *V, where:

• m is the mass of the substance,
• V - volume,
• p is the density.

To convert liters of gas into units of mass, you need to know the density of the propane-butane mixture, which is a variable and dependent on the ambient temperature.

Below is a table of gas density - liquefied propane-butane (in kg / l) depending on the air temperature (measured in o C) and the percentage of a pair of two gases in the resulting liquefied mixture.

The top line shows the ambient temperature (in ° C), the left column shows the percentage of propane-butane (that is, "90/10" means that the mixture contains 90% propane and 10% butane). At the intersection of the ratio and temperature values ​​is the density, measured in kg / l.

For example, we know how many liters of gas our cylinder holds (let's say 40 liters). From the table we see that at a 50% content of both gases and a temperature of 0 ° C, the density of the mixture is 0.564 kg / l. That is, the weight for 1 liter of the mixture under these conditions will be equal to 0.564 kg. The weight of 40 liters of gas will be equal to:

m =p *V= 0.564 * 40 = 22.56kg.

In response to the usual question "How much does a liter of water weigh?" most people will either suggest looking at the handbook or simply say, "One kilogram." And in fact, at a temperature of 40 0 ​​C and under conditions, the weight of one liter

Distilled, that is, devoid of any impurities, water is exactly 1 kg. And who can unequivocally answer the questions "How much does a liter of water from a salt spring weigh?" or "Which water is heavier - hot or cold?"

In order not to get into a mess, you need to familiarize yourself with some elementary laws of physics. For more specifics, you should immediately make a reservation that in our article we will not talk about but about its mass. The difference between these terms is that mass is a fundamental indicator of the amount of a substance, and it is measured in kilograms, and weight is a value that shows with what force a body with a certain mass is pressed onto the surface; its unit of measurement is newton.

To answer the question of how much 1 liter of water weighs, first let's see what indicators add up to body weight. From the physics course, we know that mass is a product

the density of matter by the coefficient of acceleration of gravity, which is approximately the same on the entire surface of our planet and is equal to 9.81 kg / m 2. Oscillations of these two quantities give us the difference in the mass of the same substance under different conditions.

First, let's talk about the density of the liquid. As mentioned above, the density of pure water under normal conditions is 1000 g / m 3. If you add impurities to it, for example, salt, then the density will increase and the water will become heavier. As for the dependence of the mass of an object on temperature, here the whole point is in the property of substances to expand when heated. This means that the distance between molecules becomes larger, and their total number per unit volume decreases, therefore, the substance becomes lighter. However, water has a unique property - it expands not only when heated, but also when cooled (it is because of this that it bursts in winter). Water has the highest density at the freezing point; at the slightest deviations in the thermal scale, it becomes lighter. How much a liter of water weighs at different temperatures, if desired, you can see in the reference book.

Atmospheric pressure does not affect fluid mass fluctuations as much as

temperature, and the result of its action is the opposite of the action of high temperatures. At high pressure, the distance between molecules decreases, therefore, more substance will enter the same volume. As a result, there is an increase in mass. This can be easily verified in practice, if we weigh the cylinder and the same cylinder with air under normal pressure.

By the way, do you know how much a liter of water weighs at the pole? 0.5 percent more than at the equator. This phenomenon is caused around its own axis. Because of it, the centrifugal acceleration increases as it approaches the equator and, therefore, increases

Reasoning in this way, you can calculate how much a liter of any liquid weighs, and how this indicator will change depending on environmental conditions.

It is well known that water is the standard for converting mass to volume and vice versa, volume to mass. Even a schoolboy knows that:

One liter of water weighs exactly one kilogram.

1 milliliter of water (0.001 liter) weighs exactly 1 gram.

The volume of cans. How much does the water in the jar weigh?

We have already written about how to correctly measure the volume of food or the mass of water using glasses.

In the case of banks, you might think that their volume is known in advance. But it turned out that everything is not so simple: some cans need to be filled to the rim (half-liter, liter), others do not have an exact volume mark at all. Therefore, the main task of the following materials is to explain and show in the photo how to properly fill the jar in order to really get the correct volume of product or mass of water.

So, we examined three types of cans:,,.

Half liter jar (500 ml)

A half-liter jar should be filled exactly to the rim - this corresponds to a volume of 500 ml or a water mass of 500 grams.

The border is marked with a red stripe in the image, look carefully - sometimes it can be confused with other lines present on the neck of the can.

Click on the picture to enlarge the image and take a closer look at the marked border.

The weight of an empty half-liter can can vary from 240 to 270 grams.

Liter can (1000 ml, 1 liter)

A liter jar must be filled exactly to the rim - this corresponds to a volume of 1000 ml (1 l), or 1000 grams of water.

The rim on this jar is similar to a half-liter jar and is shown in the photo.

An empty liter jar weighs approximately 400 grams.

Three liter jar (3000 ml, 3 liters)

A three-liter jar does not have a border for accurate measurement of a volume equal to three liters.

If the jar is filled to the edge, then the product volume is 3.14 liters, and the mass of water is 3.14 kg.

If you need to get the volume exactly three liters, then the jar should be filled as shown in the images, but the accuracy will be low. If it is necessary to measure the volume with an accuracy of 20-40 ml, the dosage should be done in a liter jar, filling it exactly to the edge and pouring it into a three-liter jar three times.

An empty three-liter jar weighs approximately 900 grams.