The plan of a two-story house made of foam blocks. Review of projects of two-storey houses made of foam concrete blocks. Video - designing a two-story house

Choosing a building material for your future home is not an easy task. The challenge lies in finding one that combines strength and good insulation performance. This article will cover projects two-storey houses from foam blocks. It is this material that many builders and customers love. What does he have positive sides and what needs to be considered when designing?

Disadvantages of a foam block house

Foam blocks are very popular. And this is no accident, because they have a lot of plus. These include:

• low thermal conductivity;
• light weight;
• high speed of wall construction;
• ease of processing;
• the ability to give any shape;
• affordable price;
• significant service life;
• ease of self-styling;
• savings in construction.

Foam blocks are an innovative material that has been used in Europe for many years. His hallmark is the internal structure. In ordinary bricks, it is dense, which increases its thermal conductivity. Foam blocks are made by creating a solution inside a solution a large number bubbles. For this, special additives are used that emit carbon dioxide during reaction with water. After the gases evaporate from the bubbles, they are filled with air. A certain kind of air damper is created, which prevents the transfer of heat to the street and the flow of cold air from the outside. The structure also explains the low weight of one block. Despite its size, an adult can easily lift it.

In this case, the load on the musculoskeletal system during construction works significantly lower than other types of material. Without the use of additional belts, you can safely erect a two-story building from foam blocks. At the same time, you do not need a grinder or other types of electric saws to process them. Everything can be done with an ordinary hacksaw. Fitting blocks is a pleasure. A standard foam block can have a size of 30 × 30 × 60 cm. This significantly speeds up the construction of walls, compared to brick. Such a building material has a relatively low cost, if we take into account its properties. In order to sensibly weigh everything when choosing, you need to know about the disadvantages of foam blocks. Among them are the following:

• hygroscopicity;
• the complexity of transportation;
• the need for external finishing;
• the need for additional insulation;
• fragility.

Due to their porous structure, foam blocks absorb moisture well. If the stone is wet, then it completely loses its insulating properties and becomes unusable. In cases where it undergoes constant freezing and thawing processes, then it can very easily burst. That is why, after construction, it is necessary to proceed with the insulation of the building and its external decoration. When laying and plastering, it is also important to use special adhesives. One of their properties should be the ability to keep moisture out of the blocks. Be very careful when transporting. Blocks can crumble or crack on uneven roads.

Step by step design

Before construction, a project of a future dwelling is necessarily created. Projects of two-story houses from foam blocks can be typical or individual. The latter can be drawn up independently, but this does not exclude the need to consult with professionals.

Territory

The first step in the design will be to determine the area that can be allocated for building a house. Some projects of houses from foam blocks up to 150 m 2 can be easily placed on a small suburban area. The project should specifically indicate which territory is determined for construction, and which for gardening and horticultural work. Failure to comply with these requirements may result in a fine. By the shape of the site, you can roughly determine the size of the house. It is also worth choosing how exactly it will be located. It is better if the windows of the living room, hall and other main premises according to the project will face south. Also, if one of the roof slopes is located on the south side, then it will be possible to mount solar panels.

It is worth considering how exactly the approach to the house from the road will be carried out. It is necessary to take into account how it will be most convenient to pull up communications to the structure. When connecting the gas main, it is sometimes allowed to use the supply pipes that the neighbors have. An important aspect of the design will be the protection of the territory. It should be clearly visible from all windows.

Foundation

In order to correctly determine what type of foundation to add to the project of a foam block house, you need to find out in the relevant services at what level groundwater... In addition, it is necessary to find out to what depth freezing occurs in winter and whether there are heaving soils in this area. If it became known that there is less than 2 meters to the groundwater, then the ideal option would be a bulk slab foundation... At the same time, it is important to carry out its high-quality reinforcement so that it can withstand the weight of the structure. When the depth of the groundwater exceeds 3 meters, then you can freely equip an ordinary strip-type buried foundation.

For houses made of foam blocks, it is not recommended to use columnar or pile foundations... This is due to the need for a monolithic support. Since the blocks themselves do not have sufficient strength, they cannot support the weight of a two-story building. It is better to consult with professionals who will tell you the best foundation sizes for a specific project of a foam block house.

Advice! If you want to build a basement or cellar under a two-story house made of foam blocks, you need to take care of the basement level insulation and the construction of an insulated blind area.

Walls

Building walls from foam blocks requires some skill, which is acquired in the course of the work. The main condition will be compliance with the horizontal and vertical level of the foam block wall during masonry and dimensions according to the project. Due to the large size of foam blocks, flaws will be visible immediately and it is more difficult to fix them than for a brick wall. To simplify the task, beacons are used. Their role can be played by a stretched twine, which is rearranged as the foam blocks are installed. For corners, special racks are used, which can be made from profile rolled products. For laying foam blocks, special glue is used. It must be applied in a thin layer so that cold bridges do not form. Also, a metal mesh is periodically placed in the aisles, which increases the strength of the foam blocks. A video about foam block walls is below.

Roof

A roof for a two-storey building made of foam blocks can be built of any configuration and included in the project. A gable roof will not have a presentable appearance, so it is better to opt for a gable, hip or broken roof. When using the latter in your project at home from foam blocks, it will also be possible to build an attic, which will be used for guests or children. For the rafter system, it is worth choosing high quality wood. It should be well dried so that it will not be led over time. Calculation of the roof of a house made of foam blocks is one of the most difficult tasks in the project, therefore, in this regard, it is also better to consult with a professional in their field.

As a flooring that will be used for a house made of foam blocks, metal tiles or corrugated board are often chosen. If you have enough funds, there is an advantage of installing soft tiles, which will give your foam block house a special look. The roof of a house made of foam blocks needs insulation, which is taken into account in the project. With proper waterproofing, you can use stone wool... It has some vapor permeability, so moisture will not accumulate in the attic space. It will be mandatory to install an ebb system that will collect rainwater into tanks or diverted from the foundation of the house from foam blocks.

Finishing

As finishing materials for a foam block house, you can use various ready-made panels. You can add siding or a block house to the project, but it is imperative to mount insulation under them. Penoplex or mineral wool can be used, but at the same time it must be laid between waterproofing membranes. An excellent solution would be to use vinyl panels with insulation. It is also allowed to use tiles or natural stone, but the total weight of a building made of foam blocks increases, for which the foundation may not be designed. When decorating a foam block house with facing bricks, it is necessary to maintain a ventilation gap of 5 cm. This will allow moisture not to linger on the foam blocks and not destroy them.

Additional facilities

As an additional structure in the project of a foam block house, you can lay a garage. Its location according to the project can be under the foam block house itself or next to it. In this case, it is worth deciding which roof will be used on it. Its walls can also be erected from foam blocks. The roof can be made single-pitched, end-to-end to the main building from foam blocks. This will reduce costs and allow access to the garage directly from the house. At the same time, in the project, you can lay a foundation adjacent to the house. Projects of houses from foam blocks with a garage are very popular due to the availability of personal transport.

Examples of finished projects

Above is a project of a foam block house in two floors, there is no garage on this project. The first and second floors of the house are almost identical according to the project. Each has its own bathroom, a bedroom for one person and a wardrobe. On the second floor of this project of a foam block house, the area, which on the first is used as a kitchen and living room, is divided into two bedrooms. Such a project implies the possibility of living a large family or a family that loves to host guests. The entrance to the second floor is provided from the hallway, so a minimum of usable space is lost. The overall dimensions of the project are 9 × 9 meters.

Next project two-storey house from foam blocks has large dimensions compared to the previous one. This project provides for the presence of a terrace, where it is pleasant to spend time with the family, as well as a balcony above the bay window. It will be very easy to equip a light office in the bay window. There will be plenty of natural light throughout the day. The second floor has more spacious rooms, which were used as bedrooms according to the project.

The third sample represents projects of houses from foam blocks with a garage. As you can see, the latter adjoins directly to the main building, which simplifies its maintenance. In the backyard of the project there is a large terrace where you can place a barbecue and other accessories. A separate room is intended for the boiler, so a solid fuel can be used without much difficulty. The second floor has three bedrooms and two bathrooms. This will allow you to comfortably accommodate guests for a long time.

Summary

As you can see, projects of houses from foam blocks remain in demand and are often used in construction. With the right approach, such a dwelling can be built in a year with a full finish or even faster. An important requirement is strict adherence to precise instructions and the purchase of quality building materials.

Two-story house made of foam blocks - quite a lot of buildings are now being built from foam blocks, especially in suburban construction... The project of such a building will make it possible to build a large-area house even on a small plot and to arrange the rooms favorably.

As a rule, rooms are located on the ground floor. common use: kitchen, living room, dining room, and on the second place bedrooms and children's rooms. Small two-story houses made of foam blocks are relatively inexpensive, and are built much faster than brick ones.

Benefits of using foam concrete blocks for construction

Due to its unique composition, the foam block is becoming more widespread in construction:

• Foam blocks are made of foamed aerated concrete, which has a fairly large strength and is convenient in construction;
• The blocks are well shaped and easy to cut. They are larger in size than brick, which makes it possible to speed up the construction of walls;
• They can be easily combined, which makes it possible to erect a variety of buildings according to individual projects. It is now easy to find such projects of two-story houses from foam blocks for free, since foam concrete is becoming more and more popular;
• The material is made from natural raw materials, so it is environmentally friendly;
• The house will have a pleasant atmosphere, as foam concrete has the ability to "breathe". The thermal conductivity of the foam block is quite low.
• The foundation for a two-story foam block house may not be particularly powerful, since they themselves are lightweight.

How to develop a project for building a house from foam blocks?

Let's take a closer look at how to build a two-story house from foam blocks with your own hands to ensure minimum costs, and as a result, get a spacious and warm house that meets all safety requirements.

Work begins with design. You can choose an already developed project, of which there are quite a lot on the Internet, or you can draw up your own plan, which will allow you to build a unique and inimitable house.

The project of a two-story foam block house begins with planning its placement on the site. It is necessary to determine the sun and shade sides, keeping in mind that large windows on the sunny side provide not only good illumination, but also reduce heating costs.

Consider the size of your future home in accordance with your financial capabilities. The project of a 9x9 house made of two-story foam blocks is a typical convenient solution, since such dimensions make it possible to conveniently plan rooms on the first and second floors.

An individual project allows you to include an attic, an attached garage, a used basement in the house plan, in which you can place anything from a workshop to a personal gym.

The attic room will allow equipping those premises for which there is no place in an ordinary house: a billiard room, a library, a studio for creativity. Installation of special windows in it will provide optimal natural light.

Stages of work on a project

Drafting a house is best done in consultation with a professional architect. This is a rather difficult and responsible job, since the convenience, durability and practicality of the future home will ultimately depend on it. Drafting a project takes place in several stages, in which it is necessary to comply with the main rules and building codes.

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The main part of the design

When working on a project, it is important to consider several patterns. Approximate design instructions:

• When designing the foundation, the composition of the soil and the depth of the groundwater are necessarily taken into account. It will not be superfluous to consult with specialists and conduct a geological examination in advance;

Advice! It is worth thinking about warming the foundation, especially if the house is planned to be built on heaving soils... When freezing, the soil expands and will put pressure on the foundation, which can eventually cause cracks.

• The most important step is calculating the thickness of the walls. According to building codes, 10 mm masonry can support a weight of about 10 tons, and the weight of floors and roofing materials must be calculated. The thermal insulation properties of foam concrete are high, and in the absence of additional insulation for a completely comfortable house, 300 mm thick walls will be enough. According to its properties, it will not yield brick building, it will even be warmer in it;
• Together with all family members, imagine how many rooms you plan to see in your house, and how they should be located. It is worth considering all the needs and wishes, for example, rooms for elderly family members are best located on the ground floor. If you own modern computer simulation programs, you will be able to take a virtual “walk” around your future home to make sure that it will really be comfortable.
• Think over the location of door and window openings and mark them on the plan. Imagine how lighted the rooms will be, whether it will be convenient to pass from one room to another. One more important point- the location of the stairs to the second floor. It can be straight or curved and it is important that the steps are not too steep.

Having decided on the location of the rooms, choose the appropriate roofing material. Do not forget that most of the heat goes away precisely through the roof of the building, so you should take care of multilayer insulation.

The floor in the building must also be insulated, for which either traditional materials can be used, or it can be planned to create a "warm floor" using water or electricity.

Planning of finishing materials

You can start planning the finishing. There can be many options here, and the final choice will depend solely on personal preferences and financial capabilities.

You can find out how much it costs to build a two-story house from foam blocks by adding the cost building materials required for the construction of the building and the cost of wages to hired workers and equipment.

When drawing up an estimate, it is worth consulting with professional builders and be sure to include in the calculations at least a small percentage for overspending of materials.

Recently, it has become very popular to build a house "with your own hands". This is not only beneficial, but also pleasant: it gives one more reason to be proud of yourself. And lovers of mysticism claim that such a house will have a special positive aura. But let's leave the lyrics. There are quite real advantages - you decide how to arrange the rooms in the house and, of course, you will save a lot on labor.

Foam blocks have a number of advantages over other building materials. The combination of the following characteristics makes this material universal:

1. Strength.
2. Environmental safety, non-toxic.
3. Large dimensions for faster wall erection.
4. If necessary, the material is easily cut with a hacksaw.
5. If you are thinking of a complex project involving the combined use of building materials, the foam block will come in handy, because it is easily combined with most types of building materials.
6. Due to its porous structure, foam concrete has the ability to "breathe" while retaining heat. You will not freeze in winter and all year round your house will be filled with light, not stagnant air.
7. Soundproofing qualities.
8. Fire safety.
9. Ease. Due to its low density, the material is not very heavy. This means you don't have to sweat for weeks trying to establish a heavy-duty foundation.

Project development

You should start with a plan for placing the house on the site. Determine the sunniest and most shady sides. It should be borne in mind that by providing large windows on the side of the sun, you will provide several rooms with increased illumination and warmth. Based on what financial capabilities you have, think over the dimensions of the future home. The 9x9 design is the typical, most popular option. Such dimensions make it possible to conveniently arrange rooms on the first and second floors. Below is an example of a ground floor plan.

This plan provides for the location (in the given sequence, from south to north) of a boiler room, a bathroom, a hall and a hallway or vestibule in the west wing of the first floor. The right wing is one huge room, with a conditional division (without a wall in the center) into a kitchen-dining room (southern part) and a living room (western part of the room).

V individual project you can turn on everything that your imagination craves - an attached garage, a functional basement where you can place a workshop, Personal Area, a hobby room or a whole gym. Nowadays, attics on the second floor have become very fashionable. For those who do not know, the attic is something like a residential attic, built in houses with a mansard roof. Like those residential structures that we are used to seeing in Hollywood films, which often show a family living in two-story house where the attic is almost always a teenager's room. You don't need these clichés, so you can arrange anything in the attic - a billiard room, a library, a trophy room, a room for storing a collection, if you are fond of collecting something.

In the picture below you will find another version of the first floor project, more detailed, with the elaboration of some interior elements, household items, furniture.

When developing a project, consider a few nuances:

• It is best to consult a professional architect from time to time while showing him your drawings.
• It is imperative to analyze the composition of the soil, determine the depth at which the groundwater is located; it would even be nice to ask specialists to conduct a geological examination.
• If the type of soil on your site is defined as heaving , think over the moment of warming the foundation. The soil has the peculiarity of expanding at too low temperatures, thus pressure will be exerted on the foundation, which can cause cracks in the foundation and even the subsequent destruction of its individual segments.

Stages of project development

1. Calculate the thickness of the walls. Building codes it is assumed that a masonry of 10 millimeters can withstand a mass of 10 tons. Determine the weight of roofing materials, floors. Since foam concrete has high thermal insulation properties, walls 300 millimeters thick will be enough for your comfort. Walls like this won't give way brickwork in strength and at the same time surpass it in terms of heat retention.

2. Get a family council. Let everyone express their wishes about how many rooms they want to see in the new house and how they would like to arrange them. Try not to offend anyone, while taking into account practical points: the rooms of the elderly should be on the ground floor, if you have a large family, it would not hurt to have two bathrooms, etc. Find a modern computer program on design. Having understood it, how should you not only simplify the process of drawing up a project and calculating all the necessary quantities (the number of building materials, overall parameters, etc.), but you will also be able to arrange a real walk around your future home, having examined in detail every millimeter of what you have developed and created artificial intelligence three-dimensional space. This way you can find out if your idea will really create a comfortable home. In the picture below, you will see an example of a virtual ground floor project.

3. Carefully consider the location of windows and doorways. Be sure to mark them on the project drawing. Turn on your imagination. Try to imagine how lighted the rooms will be, how comfortable it will be to move around them.

4. A very important point is the staircase to the second floor. It can be straight or curved. The latter option will save space, which is important. It is advisable that the steps are not too high. There were mistakes that made it difficult for a young man to climb the stairs to the second floor without using his hands.

5. Select the type of roofing material. Do not forget - most of the heat leaves the house through the roof; take care of its multilayer insulation.

6. The floors must be warm. To do this, you can use both traditional, familiar methods, and innovative methods, including safe electric heating.

Finishing planning

There are many options, it all depends on your financial capabilities. Often siding, tiles or facing bricks are chosen for the exterior decoration of the facade. Recently, facade plaster has been very popular. This material creates additional heat and sound insulation for the house. In interior decoration, the range of possible materials is infinitely wide - from drywall to tiles. Here you should focus on your personal taste, as well as on practicality and aesthetic appeal. Below is another version of the project and a photo of the finished house.

Engineering Communication

Your project should take into account the convenient location of the water supply system, sewerage system, electricity and gas supply, ventilation ducts, in general, all the elements of communications necessary in the home of a modern person.

Landscape

The last stage is development landscape design your site. Decide on the location of utility structures. You can build a gazebo, a bathhouse, a building for livestock, define a plot for a vegetable garden and a garden. Do not forget to comply with fire and health safety standards.

Video - designing a two-story house

Considering the projects of two-story houses made of foam blocks, first of all, one should pay attention to how the living space of the building is distributed. Experience has shown that it is optimal to place the common rooms, living room, hall, dining room and kitchen downstairs. Upstairs it is advisable to arrange personal apartments - bedrooms, study, nursery. However, deviations from the canons are perfectly acceptable in accordance with your personal preferences.

If you want to make changes to the finished project documentation by slightly moving or removing partitions between rooms, moving doorways, then this is not difficult to do. However, in standard projects it is unacceptable to make significant changes affecting the load-bearing walls, foundation or roof. In this case, the documents will have to be redone, or even order the design of a house or a cottage.

Selection of building materials

Foam blocks are distinguished by density. This indicator must be reflected in project documentation... Since, for example, low density indicates brittleness of the material. Only material purchased from a well-proven company can be truly high-quality and durable. Good blocks are very light, soundproof, fire resistant. Projects of two-story houses from foam blocks can be equipped with a variety of architectural decorations (such as bay windows, turrets and arches), since foam concrete blocks are easy to process.

High-quality foam blocks are environmentally friendly and safe. Their manufacturing technology endows blocks next to valuable properties and brings the material closer to wooden houses. As well as wooden house, the structure of foam blocks is vapor-permeable, that is, it is "breathable". Finally, the speed with which projects of two-storey houses from foam blocks are being implemented allows significant savings on construction costs. Remember, though, the savings should come from less time and effort, not about giving up qualified designers and builders.

The growing need for housing leads to the fact that many families are settling near large cities. They acquire land for own construction or buy finished houses in cottage villages. In this case, houses built - of artificially created concrete with a large-cell structure - became profitable and practical.

Project preparation

The construction of a house begins with the preparation of a project, which includes architectural and design solutions of planners and owners. A photo of houses from foam blocks will help you with this.

The main materials of the project are:

• drawings with a view of the building, made from different angles;
• schematic plans for the development of the entire territory;
• layouts of all floors of the building;
• the total area of ​​the building, the area and number of living rooms and auxiliary premises, the presence of windows and doors, stairs;
• basic materials for foundations, walls, partitions, roofs, floors;
• engineering solutions and wiring.

Projects of two-story houses from foam blocks

An advanced modern material for wall construction, which can be of different sizes, provided that it is light in weight. Practice shows that the most popular are projects of two-story houses from foam blocks. This is due to:

• aesthetics of the design;
• saving land area;
• compactness;
• practicality and comfort.

project of a two-story house made of foam blocks

In the project of two-story houses made of foam blocks, most often there is a kitchen, living room and utility rooms on the first floor, and several bedrooms on the second floor. If desired, such a project can be changed or redone. The project of a two-story house made of foam blocks is economical. An effective option is the construction of walls from foam blocks, which are approximately 375-400 mm thick. This includes the thickness of the block, an air ventilation layer of 3-4 cm, capable of removing moisture from the pores. To guarantee thermal conductivity and, aesthetics and practicality, the house is faced with bricks. Between the cladding layer and the blocks, if desired, a layer of insulation is laid. Such capital structure will serve more than one generation of residents.

A more economical option is to build load-bearing walls made of foam concrete with a further coating of facade plaster. In this case, mineral wool or another type of insulation can serve as a heater. Photos of houses made of foam blocks with brick or plaster facing are available on the construction portal on the Internet.

Looking at the numerous photos of houses made of foam blocks, you involuntarily fall in love with beautiful and spectacular buildings made of aerated concrete. Houses of 2 floors are especially beautiful and surprisingly compact. On a small square there is a building of an unusual shape with a terrace, spiers, and lanterns. Such arrangement gives the house an amazing and original look. Downstairs there is a parking cover. One-story foam block houses, faced with silicate brick... In this case, without knowing the composition of the walls, it can be assumed that the structure was erected from a different material.

The practicality of aerated concrete houses

Foam concrete houses are considered very warm and comfortable. Foam concrete is a non-combustible material that can be processed without restrictions. It can be sawn, drilled, milled, made arches, cut holes for sockets, electrical wiring, pipes. This material has durability, in many of its characteristics, it resembles wood. The foam is very light and doesn't even sink in water. Therefore, the walls of houses made of foam concrete have lightness that does not require massive and heavy foundations. Due to the cellular structure, houses of their foam blocks absorb noise well and retain heat. The main practicality of aerated concrete is its speed of construction.